Behavioral and cognitive correlates of the aperiodic (1/f-like) exponent of the EEG power spectrum in adolescents with and without ADHD
Efficient information processing facilitates cognition and may be disrupted in a number of neurodevelopmental conditions. And yet, the role of inefficient information processing and its neural underpinnings remains poorly understood. In the current study, we examined the cognitive and behavioral cor...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929321000220 |
| _version_ | 1818950283967856640 |
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| author | Brendan D. Ostlund Brittany R. Alperin Trafton Drew Sarah L. Karalunas |
| author_facet | Brendan D. Ostlund Brittany R. Alperin Trafton Drew Sarah L. Karalunas |
| author_sort | Brendan D. Ostlund |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Efficient information processing facilitates cognition and may be disrupted in a number of neurodevelopmental conditions. And yet, the role of inefficient information processing and its neural underpinnings remains poorly understood. In the current study, we examined the cognitive and behavioral correlates of the aperiodic exponent of the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum, a putative marker of disrupted, inefficient neural communication, in a sample of adolescents with and without ADHD (n = 184 nADHD = 87; Mage = 13.95 years, SD = 1.36). Exponents were calculated via FOOOF (Donoghue et al., 2020a) from EEG data recorded during an 8-minute baseline episode. Reaction time speed and variability, as well as drift diffusion parameters (including the drift rate parameter, a cognitive parameter directly related to inefficient information processing) were calculated. Adolescents with ADHD had smaller aperiodic exponents (a “flattened” EEG power spectrum) relative to their typically-developing peers. After controlling for ADHD, aperiodic exponents were related to reaction time variability and the drift rate parameter, but not in the expected direction. Our findings lend support for the aperiodic exponent as a neural correlate of disrupted information processing, and provide insight into the role of cortical excitation/inhibition imbalance in the pathophysiology of ADHD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T09:16:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e6aefb2ec4bc4fffb4c2e3a18b25fb3c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1878-9293 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T09:16:08Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-e6aefb2ec4bc4fffb4c2e3a18b25fb3c2022-12-21T19:45:25ZengElsevierDevelopmental Cognitive Neuroscience1878-92932021-04-0148100931Behavioral and cognitive correlates of the aperiodic (1/f-like) exponent of the EEG power spectrum in adolescents with and without ADHDBrendan D. Ostlund0Brittany R. Alperin1Trafton Drew2Sarah L. Karalunas3Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, United States; Corresponding author at: Child Study Center, The Pennsylvania State University, 267 Moore Building, University Park, PA, 16802, United States.Department of Psychology, University of Richmond, United StatesDepartment of Psychology, University of Utah, United StatesDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, United StatesEfficient information processing facilitates cognition and may be disrupted in a number of neurodevelopmental conditions. And yet, the role of inefficient information processing and its neural underpinnings remains poorly understood. In the current study, we examined the cognitive and behavioral correlates of the aperiodic exponent of the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum, a putative marker of disrupted, inefficient neural communication, in a sample of adolescents with and without ADHD (n = 184 nADHD = 87; Mage = 13.95 years, SD = 1.36). Exponents were calculated via FOOOF (Donoghue et al., 2020a) from EEG data recorded during an 8-minute baseline episode. Reaction time speed and variability, as well as drift diffusion parameters (including the drift rate parameter, a cognitive parameter directly related to inefficient information processing) were calculated. Adolescents with ADHD had smaller aperiodic exponents (a “flattened” EEG power spectrum) relative to their typically-developing peers. After controlling for ADHD, aperiodic exponents were related to reaction time variability and the drift rate parameter, but not in the expected direction. Our findings lend support for the aperiodic exponent as a neural correlate of disrupted information processing, and provide insight into the role of cortical excitation/inhibition imbalance in the pathophysiology of ADHD.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929321000220Aperiodic exponentEEGIntraindividual variabilityCognitive heterogeneityAttention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) |
| spellingShingle | Brendan D. Ostlund Brittany R. Alperin Trafton Drew Sarah L. Karalunas Behavioral and cognitive correlates of the aperiodic (1/f-like) exponent of the EEG power spectrum in adolescents with and without ADHD Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Aperiodic exponent EEG Intraindividual variability Cognitive heterogeneity Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) |
| title | Behavioral and cognitive correlates of the aperiodic (1/f-like) exponent of the EEG power spectrum in adolescents with and without ADHD |
| title_full | Behavioral and cognitive correlates of the aperiodic (1/f-like) exponent of the EEG power spectrum in adolescents with and without ADHD |
| title_fullStr | Behavioral and cognitive correlates of the aperiodic (1/f-like) exponent of the EEG power spectrum in adolescents with and without ADHD |
| title_full_unstemmed | Behavioral and cognitive correlates of the aperiodic (1/f-like) exponent of the EEG power spectrum in adolescents with and without ADHD |
| title_short | Behavioral and cognitive correlates of the aperiodic (1/f-like) exponent of the EEG power spectrum in adolescents with and without ADHD |
| title_sort | behavioral and cognitive correlates of the aperiodic 1 f like exponent of the eeg power spectrum in adolescents with and without adhd |
| topic | Aperiodic exponent EEG Intraindividual variability Cognitive heterogeneity Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929321000220 |
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