Effectiveness and Characterization of Novel Mineral Clay in Cd<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption Process: Linear and Non-Linear Isotherm Regression Analysis
The excellent adsorption properties of clay minerals make the optimization of heavy metal removal the subject of numerous research projects. In the present study, ASLAVITAL cosmetic clay (ACC) powder was applied for the removal of Cd<sup>2+</sup> from water. The main deposit of ACC clay...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| author | Szende Tonk László Előd Aradi Gábor Kovács Alexandru Turza Eszter Rápó |
| author_facet | Szende Tonk László Előd Aradi Gábor Kovács Alexandru Turza Eszter Rápó |
| author_sort | Szende Tonk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The excellent adsorption properties of clay minerals make the optimization of heavy metal removal the subject of numerous research projects. In the present study, ASLAVITAL cosmetic clay (ACC) powder was applied for the removal of Cd<sup>2+</sup> from water. The main deposit of ACC clay is the Pădurea Craiului Mountains in Romania. A wide range of morpho-structural approaches (SEM, EDX, FTIR, Raman, XRD) were used to characterize the morphology and elemental composition of the adsorbent. As expected for clay minerals, Al (Wt(%) = 11.4 ± 0.9) and Si (Wt(%) = 13.7 ± 1.4) are the main constituents of ACC. After adsorption, Wt(%) = 0.2 ± 0.01 Cd<sup>2+</sup> was detected in the sample. As proved before, the initial metal concentration is the primary influencing factor; therefore, batch adsorption of 10–160 mg/L Cd<sup>2+</sup> was investigated. After 190 min, an efficiency of 99% was reached, and the quantity in equilibrium increased from 1–8 mg/g. The best fit in linear form was obtained for the Langmuir II. model, where R<sup>2</sup> = 0.954 (R<sub>L</sub> = 0.037–0.027). Based on linear isotherm models, physical bonds formed between ACC and Cd<sup>2+</sup> during the favorable adsorption. For the non-linear fits, the Liu model proved to be the best R<sup>2</sup> = 0.965, χ<sup>2</sup> = 1.101. Pseudo-II-order kinetic model described the experimental data R<sup>2</sup> = 0.988–0.999; q<sub>exp</sub> and q<sub>calc</sub> were almost identical (the differences ranged 0.03–0.34). |
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| spelling | doaj.art-e6d16959b8e748658799eccf91756c2f2023-11-23T18:08:55ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412022-01-0114327910.3390/w14030279Effectiveness and Characterization of Novel Mineral Clay in Cd<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption Process: Linear and Non-Linear Isotherm Regression AnalysisSzende Tonk0László Előd Aradi1Gábor Kovács2Alexandru Turza3Eszter Rápó4Environmental Science Department, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Calea Turzii. No. 4, 400193 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaLithosphere Fluid Research Laboratory, Department of Petrology and Geochemistry, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, HungaryInstitute of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 103, 6720 Szeged, HungaryDepartment of Mass Spectrometry, Chromatography and Applied Physics, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaEnvironmental Science Department, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Calea Turzii. No. 4, 400193 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaThe excellent adsorption properties of clay minerals make the optimization of heavy metal removal the subject of numerous research projects. In the present study, ASLAVITAL cosmetic clay (ACC) powder was applied for the removal of Cd<sup>2+</sup> from water. The main deposit of ACC clay is the Pădurea Craiului Mountains in Romania. A wide range of morpho-structural approaches (SEM, EDX, FTIR, Raman, XRD) were used to characterize the morphology and elemental composition of the adsorbent. As expected for clay minerals, Al (Wt(%) = 11.4 ± 0.9) and Si (Wt(%) = 13.7 ± 1.4) are the main constituents of ACC. After adsorption, Wt(%) = 0.2 ± 0.01 Cd<sup>2+</sup> was detected in the sample. As proved before, the initial metal concentration is the primary influencing factor; therefore, batch adsorption of 10–160 mg/L Cd<sup>2+</sup> was investigated. After 190 min, an efficiency of 99% was reached, and the quantity in equilibrium increased from 1–8 mg/g. The best fit in linear form was obtained for the Langmuir II. model, where R<sup>2</sup> = 0.954 (R<sub>L</sub> = 0.037–0.027). Based on linear isotherm models, physical bonds formed between ACC and Cd<sup>2+</sup> during the favorable adsorption. For the non-linear fits, the Liu model proved to be the best R<sup>2</sup> = 0.965, χ<sup>2</sup> = 1.101. Pseudo-II-order kinetic model described the experimental data R<sup>2</sup> = 0.988–0.999; q<sub>exp</sub> and q<sub>calc</sub> were almost identical (the differences ranged 0.03–0.34).https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/3/279adsorptioncadmiumcosmetical clayisothermskinetics |
| spellingShingle | Szende Tonk László Előd Aradi Gábor Kovács Alexandru Turza Eszter Rápó Effectiveness and Characterization of Novel Mineral Clay in Cd<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption Process: Linear and Non-Linear Isotherm Regression Analysis Water adsorption cadmium cosmetical clay isotherms kinetics |
| title | Effectiveness and Characterization of Novel Mineral Clay in Cd<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption Process: Linear and Non-Linear Isotherm Regression Analysis |
| title_full | Effectiveness and Characterization of Novel Mineral Clay in Cd<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption Process: Linear and Non-Linear Isotherm Regression Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Effectiveness and Characterization of Novel Mineral Clay in Cd<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption Process: Linear and Non-Linear Isotherm Regression Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effectiveness and Characterization of Novel Mineral Clay in Cd<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption Process: Linear and Non-Linear Isotherm Regression Analysis |
| title_short | Effectiveness and Characterization of Novel Mineral Clay in Cd<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption Process: Linear and Non-Linear Isotherm Regression Analysis |
| title_sort | effectiveness and characterization of novel mineral clay in cd sup 2 sup adsorption process linear and non linear isotherm regression analysis |
| topic | adsorption cadmium cosmetical clay isotherms kinetics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/3/279 |
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