Genotypic and Environmental Effects on Tocopherol Content in Almond
Almond is the most important nut species worldwide and almond kernels show the highest levels of tocopherols among all nuts. In almond, tocopherols not only play a substantial role as a healthy food for human consumption, but also in protecting lipids against oxidation and, thus, lengthening the sto...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/7/1/6 |
| _version_ | 1797714669008322560 |
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| author | Ossama Kodad Rafel Socias i Company José M. Alonso |
| author_facet | Ossama Kodad Rafel Socias i Company José M. Alonso |
| author_sort | Ossama Kodad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Almond is the most important nut species worldwide and almond kernels show the highest levels of tocopherols among all nuts. In almond, tocopherols not only play a substantial role as a healthy food for human consumption, but also in protecting lipids against oxidation and, thus, lengthening the storage time of almond kernels. The main tocopherol homologues detected in almond in decreasing content and biological importance are α-, γ-, δ-, and β-tocopherol. Tocopherol concentration in almond depends on the genotype and the environment, such as the climatic conditions of the year and the growing management of the orchard. The range of variability for the different tocopherol homologues is of 335–657 mg/kg of almond oil for α-, 2–50 for γ-, and 0.1–22 for β-tocopherol. Drought and heat have been the most important stresses affecting tocopherol content in almond, with increased levels at higher temperatures and in water deficit conditions. The right cultivar and the most appropriate growing conditions may be selected to obtain crops with effective kernel storage and for the most beneficial effects of almond consumption for human nutrition and health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:56:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e6e40f44caf240a7bc1bc3fa7f901a11 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:56:22Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-e6e40f44caf240a7bc1bc3fa7f901a112023-09-02T20:15:50ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212018-01-0171610.3390/antiox7010006antiox7010006Genotypic and Environmental Effects on Tocopherol Content in AlmondOssama Kodad0Rafel Socias i Company1José M. Alonso2Département Arboriculture-Viticulture, École Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Meknès BP S/40, MoroccoUnidad de Hortofruticutura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Av. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, SpainUnidad de Hortofruticutura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Av. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, SpainAlmond is the most important nut species worldwide and almond kernels show the highest levels of tocopherols among all nuts. In almond, tocopherols not only play a substantial role as a healthy food for human consumption, but also in protecting lipids against oxidation and, thus, lengthening the storage time of almond kernels. The main tocopherol homologues detected in almond in decreasing content and biological importance are α-, γ-, δ-, and β-tocopherol. Tocopherol concentration in almond depends on the genotype and the environment, such as the climatic conditions of the year and the growing management of the orchard. The range of variability for the different tocopherol homologues is of 335–657 mg/kg of almond oil for α-, 2–50 for γ-, and 0.1–22 for β-tocopherol. Drought and heat have been the most important stresses affecting tocopherol content in almond, with increased levels at higher temperatures and in water deficit conditions. The right cultivar and the most appropriate growing conditions may be selected to obtain crops with effective kernel storage and for the most beneficial effects of almond consumption for human nutrition and health.http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/7/1/6almondPrunus amygdalustocopherolsgenotypeclimate |
| spellingShingle | Ossama Kodad Rafel Socias i Company José M. Alonso Genotypic and Environmental Effects on Tocopherol Content in Almond Antioxidants almond Prunus amygdalus tocopherols genotype climate |
| title | Genotypic and Environmental Effects on Tocopherol Content in Almond |
| title_full | Genotypic and Environmental Effects on Tocopherol Content in Almond |
| title_fullStr | Genotypic and Environmental Effects on Tocopherol Content in Almond |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genotypic and Environmental Effects on Tocopherol Content in Almond |
| title_short | Genotypic and Environmental Effects on Tocopherol Content in Almond |
| title_sort | genotypic and environmental effects on tocopherol content in almond |
| topic | almond Prunus amygdalus tocopherols genotype climate |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/7/1/6 |
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