Pharmacokinetic, Metabolomic, and Stability Assessment of Ganoderic Acid H Based Triterpenoid Enriched Fraction of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> P. Karst
<i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> P. karst is an edible fungus that is used in traditional medicine and contains triterpenoids as the major phytoconstituents. Ganoderic acids are the most abundant triterpenoids that showed pharmacological activity. As Indian varieties contain ganoderic acid H (GA...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/12/2/97 |
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| author | Mohd Hafizur Rehman Ansari Washim Khan Rabea Parveen Sadia Saher Sayeed Ahmad |
| author_facet | Mohd Hafizur Rehman Ansari Washim Khan Rabea Parveen Sadia Saher Sayeed Ahmad |
| author_sort | Mohd Hafizur Rehman Ansari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> P. karst is an edible fungus that is used in traditional medicine and contains triterpenoids as the major phytoconstituents. Ganoderic acids are the most abundant triterpenoids that showed pharmacological activity. As Indian varieties contain ganoderic acid H (GA-H), we aimed to prepare GA-H-based triterpenoid enriched fraction (TEF) and evaluated its pharmacokinetics, metabolomics, and stability analysis. A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to quantify GA-H in TEF and rat plasma. Based on GA-H content, a stability assessment and pharmacokinetic study of TEF were also performed. After its oral administration to rats, TEF’s the metabolic pattern recognition was performed through ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (UPLC–MS). The developed HPLC method was found to be simple, sensitive, precise (<15%), and accurate (>90% recovery) for the quantification of GA-H. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that GA-H reached its maximum plasma concentration (C<sub>max</sub> 2509.9 ng/mL) within two hours and sustained quantifiable amount up to 12 h with a low elimination rate (K<sub>el</sub>) 0.05 L/h. TEF contained ten bioavailable constituents. The prepared TEF was found to be stable for up to one year at room temperature. The prepared TEF, enriched with ganoderic acid, is stable, contains bioavailable constituents, and can be explored as phytopharmaceuticals for different pharmacological properties. Highlights: (1). Preparation of triterpenoid enriched fraction (TEF) from Ganoderma lucidum. (2). Major triterpenoid in TEF is ganoderic acid H (GA-H). (3). TEF contains several bioavailable phytoconstituents. (4). TEF (considering only GA-H) is stable for up to one year at room temperature. (5). GA-H is rapidly absorbed and has high systemic exposure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:28:03Z |
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| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:28:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-e6eb94a02bf140d8a80ddbfc191688ee2023-11-23T21:04:23ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892022-01-011229710.3390/metabo12020097Pharmacokinetic, Metabolomic, and Stability Assessment of Ganoderic Acid H Based Triterpenoid Enriched Fraction of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> P. KarstMohd Hafizur Rehman Ansari0Washim Khan1Rabea Parveen2Sadia Saher3Sayeed Ahmad4Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, IndiaBioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, IndiaBioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, IndiaViral Research Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, J.N.M.C, A.M.U, Aligarh 202002, IndiaBioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India<i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> P. karst is an edible fungus that is used in traditional medicine and contains triterpenoids as the major phytoconstituents. Ganoderic acids are the most abundant triterpenoids that showed pharmacological activity. As Indian varieties contain ganoderic acid H (GA-H), we aimed to prepare GA-H-based triterpenoid enriched fraction (TEF) and evaluated its pharmacokinetics, metabolomics, and stability analysis. A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to quantify GA-H in TEF and rat plasma. Based on GA-H content, a stability assessment and pharmacokinetic study of TEF were also performed. After its oral administration to rats, TEF’s the metabolic pattern recognition was performed through ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (UPLC–MS). The developed HPLC method was found to be simple, sensitive, precise (<15%), and accurate (>90% recovery) for the quantification of GA-H. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that GA-H reached its maximum plasma concentration (C<sub>max</sub> 2509.9 ng/mL) within two hours and sustained quantifiable amount up to 12 h with a low elimination rate (K<sub>el</sub>) 0.05 L/h. TEF contained ten bioavailable constituents. The prepared TEF was found to be stable for up to one year at room temperature. The prepared TEF, enriched with ganoderic acid, is stable, contains bioavailable constituents, and can be explored as phytopharmaceuticals for different pharmacological properties. Highlights: (1). Preparation of triterpenoid enriched fraction (TEF) from Ganoderma lucidum. (2). Major triterpenoid in TEF is ganoderic acid H (GA-H). (3). TEF contains several bioavailable phytoconstituents. (4). TEF (considering only GA-H) is stable for up to one year at room temperature. (5). GA-H is rapidly absorbed and has high systemic exposure.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/12/2/97triterpenoidganoderic acid Hquantitative analysisUPLC–MSstability |
| spellingShingle | Mohd Hafizur Rehman Ansari Washim Khan Rabea Parveen Sadia Saher Sayeed Ahmad Pharmacokinetic, Metabolomic, and Stability Assessment of Ganoderic Acid H Based Triterpenoid Enriched Fraction of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> P. Karst Metabolites triterpenoid ganoderic acid H quantitative analysis UPLC–MS stability |
| title | Pharmacokinetic, Metabolomic, and Stability Assessment of Ganoderic Acid H Based Triterpenoid Enriched Fraction of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> P. Karst |
| title_full | Pharmacokinetic, Metabolomic, and Stability Assessment of Ganoderic Acid H Based Triterpenoid Enriched Fraction of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> P. Karst |
| title_fullStr | Pharmacokinetic, Metabolomic, and Stability Assessment of Ganoderic Acid H Based Triterpenoid Enriched Fraction of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> P. Karst |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacokinetic, Metabolomic, and Stability Assessment of Ganoderic Acid H Based Triterpenoid Enriched Fraction of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> P. Karst |
| title_short | Pharmacokinetic, Metabolomic, and Stability Assessment of Ganoderic Acid H Based Triterpenoid Enriched Fraction of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> P. Karst |
| title_sort | pharmacokinetic metabolomic and stability assessment of ganoderic acid h based triterpenoid enriched fraction of i ganoderma lucidum i p karst |
| topic | triterpenoid ganoderic acid H quantitative analysis UPLC–MS stability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/12/2/97 |
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