Cell Performance Comparison between C14- and C15-Predomiated AB2 Metal Hydride Alloys
The performance of cylindrical cells made from negative electrode active materials of two selected AB2 metal hydride chemistries with different dominating Laves phases (C14 vs. C15) were compared. Cells made from Alloy C15 showed a higher high-rate performance and peak power with a corresponding sac...
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MDPI AG
2017-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/3/4/29 |
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| author | Kwo-Hsiung Young John M. Koch Chubin Wan Roman V. Denys Volodymyr A. Yartys |
| author_facet | Kwo-Hsiung Young John M. Koch Chubin Wan Roman V. Denys Volodymyr A. Yartys |
| author_sort | Kwo-Hsiung Young |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The performance of cylindrical cells made from negative electrode active materials of two selected AB2 metal hydride chemistries with different dominating Laves phases (C14 vs. C15) were compared. Cells made from Alloy C15 showed a higher high-rate performance and peak power with a corresponding sacrifice in capacity, low-temperature performance, charge retention, and cycle life when compared with the C14 counterpart (Alloy C14). Annealing of the Alloy C15 eliminated the ZrNi secondary phase and further improved the high-rate and peak power performance. This treatment on Alloy C15 showed the best low-temperature performance, but also contributed to a less-desirable high-temperature voltage stand and an inferior cycle stability. While the main failure mode for Alloy C14 in the sealed cell is the formation of a thick oxide layer that prevents gas recombination during overcharge and consequent venting of the cell, the failure mode for Alloy C15 is dominated by continuous pulverization related to the volumetric changes during hydride formation and hysteresis in the pressure-composition-temperature isotherm. The leached-out Mn from Alloy C15 formed a high density of oxide deposits in the separator, leading to a deterioration in charge retention performance. Large amounts of Zr were found in the positive electrode of the cycled cell containing Alloy C15, but did not appear to harm cell performance. Suggestions for further composition and process optimization for Alloy C15 are also provided. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T04:48:15Z |
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| id | doaj.art-e6f776880e5e407b9aafc69e45556e9a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2313-0105 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T04:48:15Z |
| publishDate | 2017-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Batteries |
| spelling | doaj.art-e6f776880e5e407b9aafc69e45556e9a2022-12-22T02:01:41ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052017-09-01342910.3390/batteries3040029batteries3040029Cell Performance Comparison between C14- and C15-Predomiated AB2 Metal Hydride AlloysKwo-Hsiung Young0John M. Koch1Chubin Wan2Roman V. Denys3Volodymyr A. Yartys4Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USABASF/Battery Materials—Ovonic, 2983 Waterview Drive, Rochester Hills, MI 48309, USAInstitute for Energy Technology, P.O. Box 40, Kjeller NO-2027, NorwayInstitute for Energy Technology, P.O. Box 40, Kjeller NO-2027, NorwayInstitute for Energy Technology, P.O. Box 40, Kjeller NO-2027, NorwayThe performance of cylindrical cells made from negative electrode active materials of two selected AB2 metal hydride chemistries with different dominating Laves phases (C14 vs. C15) were compared. Cells made from Alloy C15 showed a higher high-rate performance and peak power with a corresponding sacrifice in capacity, low-temperature performance, charge retention, and cycle life when compared with the C14 counterpart (Alloy C14). Annealing of the Alloy C15 eliminated the ZrNi secondary phase and further improved the high-rate and peak power performance. This treatment on Alloy C15 showed the best low-temperature performance, but also contributed to a less-desirable high-temperature voltage stand and an inferior cycle stability. While the main failure mode for Alloy C14 in the sealed cell is the formation of a thick oxide layer that prevents gas recombination during overcharge and consequent venting of the cell, the failure mode for Alloy C15 is dominated by continuous pulverization related to the volumetric changes during hydride formation and hysteresis in the pressure-composition-temperature isotherm. The leached-out Mn from Alloy C15 formed a high density of oxide deposits in the separator, leading to a deterioration in charge retention performance. Large amounts of Zr were found in the positive electrode of the cycled cell containing Alloy C15, but did not appear to harm cell performance. Suggestions for further composition and process optimization for Alloy C15 are also provided.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/3/4/29metal hydridenickel metal hydride batteriesLaves phase alloyelectrochemistrysynergetic effects |
| spellingShingle | Kwo-Hsiung Young John M. Koch Chubin Wan Roman V. Denys Volodymyr A. Yartys Cell Performance Comparison between C14- and C15-Predomiated AB2 Metal Hydride Alloys Batteries metal hydride nickel metal hydride batteries Laves phase alloy electrochemistry synergetic effects |
| title | Cell Performance Comparison between C14- and C15-Predomiated AB2 Metal Hydride Alloys |
| title_full | Cell Performance Comparison between C14- and C15-Predomiated AB2 Metal Hydride Alloys |
| title_fullStr | Cell Performance Comparison between C14- and C15-Predomiated AB2 Metal Hydride Alloys |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cell Performance Comparison between C14- and C15-Predomiated AB2 Metal Hydride Alloys |
| title_short | Cell Performance Comparison between C14- and C15-Predomiated AB2 Metal Hydride Alloys |
| title_sort | cell performance comparison between c14 and c15 predomiated ab2 metal hydride alloys |
| topic | metal hydride nickel metal hydride batteries Laves phase alloy electrochemistry synergetic effects |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/3/4/29 |
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