The Role of Bruton’s Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Current Status and Future Directions
The use of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors has changed the management and clinical history of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). BTK is a critical molecule that interconnects B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling. BTKis are classified into two categories: irreversible (cov...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/3/771 |
| _version_ | 1797488681205891072 |
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| author | Tadeusz Robak Magda Witkowska Piotr Smolewski |
| author_facet | Tadeusz Robak Magda Witkowska Piotr Smolewski |
| author_sort | Tadeusz Robak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors has changed the management and clinical history of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). BTK is a critical molecule that interconnects B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling. BTKis are classified into two categories: irreversible (covalent) inhibitors and reversible (non-covalent) inhibitors. Ibrutinib was the first irreversible BTK inhibitor approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2013 as a breakthrough therapy in CLL patients. Subsequently, several studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of new agents with reduced toxicity when compared with ibrutinib. Two other irreversible, second-generation BTK inhibitors, acalabrutinib and zanubrutinib, were developed to reduce ibrutinib-mediated adverse effects. Additionally, new reversible BTK inhibitors are currently under development in early-phase studies to improve their activity and to diminish adverse effects. This review summarizes the pharmacology, clinical efficacy, safety, dosing, and drug–drug interactions associated with the treatment of CLL with BTK inhibitors and examines their further implications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:06:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e704d39d076e4fb7b4856335adf952ed |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:06:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-e704d39d076e4fb7b4856335adf952ed2023-11-23T16:08:26ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942022-02-0114377110.3390/cancers14030771The Role of Bruton’s Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Current Status and Future DirectionsTadeusz Robak0Magda Witkowska1Piotr Smolewski2Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-510 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Experimental Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-510 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Experimental Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-510 Lodz, PolandThe use of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors has changed the management and clinical history of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). BTK is a critical molecule that interconnects B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling. BTKis are classified into two categories: irreversible (covalent) inhibitors and reversible (non-covalent) inhibitors. Ibrutinib was the first irreversible BTK inhibitor approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2013 as a breakthrough therapy in CLL patients. Subsequently, several studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of new agents with reduced toxicity when compared with ibrutinib. Two other irreversible, second-generation BTK inhibitors, acalabrutinib and zanubrutinib, were developed to reduce ibrutinib-mediated adverse effects. Additionally, new reversible BTK inhibitors are currently under development in early-phase studies to improve their activity and to diminish adverse effects. This review summarizes the pharmacology, clinical efficacy, safety, dosing, and drug–drug interactions associated with the treatment of CLL with BTK inhibitors and examines their further implications.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/3/771acalabrutinibBTKCLLCOVID-19ibrutinibDTRMWXHS-12 |
| spellingShingle | Tadeusz Robak Magda Witkowska Piotr Smolewski The Role of Bruton’s Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Current Status and Future Directions Cancers acalabrutinib BTK CLL COVID-19 ibrutinib DTRMWXHS-12 |
| title | The Role of Bruton’s Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Current Status and Future Directions |
| title_full | The Role of Bruton’s Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Current Status and Future Directions |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Bruton’s Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Current Status and Future Directions |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Bruton’s Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Current Status and Future Directions |
| title_short | The Role of Bruton’s Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Current Status and Future Directions |
| title_sort | role of bruton s kinase inhibitors in chronic lymphocytic leukemia current status and future directions |
| topic | acalabrutinib BTK CLL COVID-19 ibrutinib DTRMWXHS-12 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/3/771 |
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