Fire Safety in Museums: Simulation of Fire Scenarios for Development of Control Evacuation Schemes from the Winter Palace of the Hermitage
The manuscript is focused on the problems of evacuation in case of fire from the buildings of museums as places with a mass presence of people. Features specific to museums and how they affect safe evacuation conditions are discussed. Most attention is paid to evacuation management, since the vast m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Buildings |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/12/10/1546 |
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| author | Ekaterina Kirik Aleksey Bogdanov Olga Sushkova Marina Gravit Daria Shabunina Artem Rozov Tatyana Vitova Yuriy Lazarev |
| author_facet | Ekaterina Kirik Aleksey Bogdanov Olga Sushkova Marina Gravit Daria Shabunina Artem Rozov Tatyana Vitova Yuriy Lazarev |
| author_sort | Ekaterina Kirik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The manuscript is focused on the problems of evacuation in case of fire from the buildings of museums as places with a mass presence of people. Features specific to museums and how they affect safe evacuation conditions are discussed. Most attention is paid to evacuation management, since the vast majority of museum visitors are not familiar with the layout of the building. In this case, the actions of staff in evacuation management are decisive. The paper considers the development of evacuation schemes, taking into account the spread of fire hazards in the building and the development of instructions on their basis for the staff. Using the example of the Winter Palace of the State Hermitage Museum, the solution of the marked tasks with the use of computer simulation of evacuation during a fire is given. The analysis of the simulation results showed the vulnerabilities of the museum. In this work, the evacuation schemes for the scenarios are considered. The maximum number of visitors at a single time in the Winter Palace has been set at 4000. The principles of making evacuation schemes are formulated, including taking into account the peculiarities of space-planning solutions inherent in museums, such as enfilades and the connections of rooms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:34:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e7081e509be542d1a91457c3115d1f82 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-5309 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:34:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Buildings |
| spelling | doaj.art-e7081e509be542d1a91457c3115d1f822023-11-23T23:16:04ZengMDPI AGBuildings2075-53092022-09-011210154610.3390/buildings12101546Fire Safety in Museums: Simulation of Fire Scenarios for Development of Control Evacuation Schemes from the Winter Palace of the HermitageEkaterina Kirik0Aleksey Bogdanov1Olga Sushkova2Marina Gravit3Daria Shabunina4Artem Rozov5Tatyana Vitova6Yuriy Lazarev7Institute of Computational Modelling of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia 2 The State Hermitage Museum, 190000 St. Petersburg, Russia 3 Civil Engineering Institute, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia 4 Federal State Unitary Enterprise «SVECKO», 107031 Moscow, RussiaThe State Hermitage Museum, 190000 St. Petersburg, RussiaThe State Hermitage Museum, 190000 St. Petersburg, RussiaCivil Engineering Institute, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, RussiaCivil Engineering Institute, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, RussiaFederal State Unitary Enterprise «SVECKO», 107031 Moscow, RussiaInstitute of Computational Modelling of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia 2 The State Hermitage Museum, 190000 St. Petersburg, Russia 3 Civil Engineering Institute, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia 4 Federal State Unitary Enterprise «SVECKO», 107031 Moscow, RussiaCivil Engineering Institute, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, RussiaThe manuscript is focused on the problems of evacuation in case of fire from the buildings of museums as places with a mass presence of people. Features specific to museums and how they affect safe evacuation conditions are discussed. Most attention is paid to evacuation management, since the vast majority of museum visitors are not familiar with the layout of the building. In this case, the actions of staff in evacuation management are decisive. The paper considers the development of evacuation schemes, taking into account the spread of fire hazards in the building and the development of instructions on their basis for the staff. Using the example of the Winter Palace of the State Hermitage Museum, the solution of the marked tasks with the use of computer simulation of evacuation during a fire is given. The analysis of the simulation results showed the vulnerabilities of the museum. In this work, the evacuation schemes for the scenarios are considered. The maximum number of visitors at a single time in the Winter Palace has been set at 4000. The principles of making evacuation schemes are formulated, including taking into account the peculiarities of space-planning solutions inherent in museums, such as enfilades and the connections of rooms.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/12/10/1546museumcomputer simulationfire safetydesigndangerous fire factorsASET |
| spellingShingle | Ekaterina Kirik Aleksey Bogdanov Olga Sushkova Marina Gravit Daria Shabunina Artem Rozov Tatyana Vitova Yuriy Lazarev Fire Safety in Museums: Simulation of Fire Scenarios for Development of Control Evacuation Schemes from the Winter Palace of the Hermitage Buildings museum computer simulation fire safety design dangerous fire factors ASET |
| title | Fire Safety in Museums: Simulation of Fire Scenarios for Development of Control Evacuation Schemes from the Winter Palace of the Hermitage |
| title_full | Fire Safety in Museums: Simulation of Fire Scenarios for Development of Control Evacuation Schemes from the Winter Palace of the Hermitage |
| title_fullStr | Fire Safety in Museums: Simulation of Fire Scenarios for Development of Control Evacuation Schemes from the Winter Palace of the Hermitage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fire Safety in Museums: Simulation of Fire Scenarios for Development of Control Evacuation Schemes from the Winter Palace of the Hermitage |
| title_short | Fire Safety in Museums: Simulation of Fire Scenarios for Development of Control Evacuation Schemes from the Winter Palace of the Hermitage |
| title_sort | fire safety in museums simulation of fire scenarios for development of control evacuation schemes from the winter palace of the hermitage |
| topic | museum computer simulation fire safety design dangerous fire factors ASET |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/12/10/1546 |
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