Physiological, biochemical, and metabolic changes in diploid and triploid watermelon leaves during flooding
BackgroundFlooding is a major stress factor impacting watermelon growth and production globally. Metabolites play a crucial role in coping with both biotic and abiotic stresses.MethodsIn this study, diploid (2X) and triploid (3X) watermelons were investigated to determine their flooding tolerance me...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1108795/full |
| _version_ | 1811157844064468992 |
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| author | Nan He Nan He Muhammad Jawad Umer Muhammad Jawad Umer Pingli Yuan Weiwei Wang Hongju Zhu Xuqiang Lu Yan xing Chengsheng Gong Raufa Batool Xiaowu Sun Wenge Liu |
| author_facet | Nan He Nan He Muhammad Jawad Umer Muhammad Jawad Umer Pingli Yuan Weiwei Wang Hongju Zhu Xuqiang Lu Yan xing Chengsheng Gong Raufa Batool Xiaowu Sun Wenge Liu |
| author_sort | Nan He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundFlooding is a major stress factor impacting watermelon growth and production globally. Metabolites play a crucial role in coping with both biotic and abiotic stresses.MethodsIn this study, diploid (2X) and triploid (3X) watermelons were investigated to determine their flooding tolerance mechanisms by examining physiological, biochemical, and metabolic changes at different stages. Metabolite quantification was done using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and a total of 682 metabolites were detected.ResultsThe results showed that 2X watermelon leaves had lower chlorophyll content and fresh weights compared to 3X. The activities of antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), were higher in 3X than in 2X. 3X watermelon leaves showed lower O2 production rates, MDA, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in response to flooding, while higher ethylene production was observed. 3X had higher levels of dehydrogenase activity (DHA) and ascorbic acid + dehydrogenase (AsA + DHA), but both 2X and 3X showed a significant decline in the AsA/DHA ratio at later stages of flooding. Among them, 4-guanidinobutyric acid (mws0567), an organic acid, may be a candidate metabolite responsible for flooding tolerance in watermelon and had higher expression levels in 3X watermelon, suggesting that triploid watermelon is more tolerant to flooding.ConclusionThis study provides insights into the response of 2X and 3X watermelon to flooding and the physiological, biochemical, and metabolic changes involved. It will serve as a foundation for future in-depth molecular and genetic studies on flooding response in watermelon. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:14:18Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:14:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-e708b9e323d44707ad658033a064ffef2023-03-09T05:16:08ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2023-03-011410.3389/fpls.2023.11087951108795Physiological, biochemical, and metabolic changes in diploid and triploid watermelon leaves during floodingNan He0Nan He1Muhammad Jawad Umer2Muhammad Jawad Umer3Pingli Yuan4Weiwei Wang5Hongju Zhu6Xuqiang Lu7Yan xing8Chengsheng Gong9Raufa Batool10Xiaowu Sun11Wenge Liu12Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, ChinaZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, ChinaZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, ChinaZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, ChinaZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, ChinaZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, ChinaZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, ChinaBackgroundFlooding is a major stress factor impacting watermelon growth and production globally. Metabolites play a crucial role in coping with both biotic and abiotic stresses.MethodsIn this study, diploid (2X) and triploid (3X) watermelons were investigated to determine their flooding tolerance mechanisms by examining physiological, biochemical, and metabolic changes at different stages. Metabolite quantification was done using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and a total of 682 metabolites were detected.ResultsThe results showed that 2X watermelon leaves had lower chlorophyll content and fresh weights compared to 3X. The activities of antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), were higher in 3X than in 2X. 3X watermelon leaves showed lower O2 production rates, MDA, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in response to flooding, while higher ethylene production was observed. 3X had higher levels of dehydrogenase activity (DHA) and ascorbic acid + dehydrogenase (AsA + DHA), but both 2X and 3X showed a significant decline in the AsA/DHA ratio at later stages of flooding. Among them, 4-guanidinobutyric acid (mws0567), an organic acid, may be a candidate metabolite responsible for flooding tolerance in watermelon and had higher expression levels in 3X watermelon, suggesting that triploid watermelon is more tolerant to flooding.ConclusionThis study provides insights into the response of 2X and 3X watermelon to flooding and the physiological, biochemical, and metabolic changes involved. It will serve as a foundation for future in-depth molecular and genetic studies on flooding response in watermelon.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1108795/fullwatermelondiploidtriploidfloodingabiotic stress |
| spellingShingle | Nan He Nan He Muhammad Jawad Umer Muhammad Jawad Umer Pingli Yuan Weiwei Wang Hongju Zhu Xuqiang Lu Yan xing Chengsheng Gong Raufa Batool Xiaowu Sun Wenge Liu Physiological, biochemical, and metabolic changes in diploid and triploid watermelon leaves during flooding Frontiers in Plant Science watermelon diploid triploid flooding abiotic stress |
| title | Physiological, biochemical, and metabolic changes in diploid and triploid watermelon leaves during flooding |
| title_full | Physiological, biochemical, and metabolic changes in diploid and triploid watermelon leaves during flooding |
| title_fullStr | Physiological, biochemical, and metabolic changes in diploid and triploid watermelon leaves during flooding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physiological, biochemical, and metabolic changes in diploid and triploid watermelon leaves during flooding |
| title_short | Physiological, biochemical, and metabolic changes in diploid and triploid watermelon leaves during flooding |
| title_sort | physiological biochemical and metabolic changes in diploid and triploid watermelon leaves during flooding |
| topic | watermelon diploid triploid flooding abiotic stress |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1108795/full |
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