Schizophrenia and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Events in a Large Population: The APNA Study
(1) Background: Patients with schizophrenia have higher mortality, with cardiovascular diseases being the first cause of mortality. This study aims to estimate the excess risk of hospital admission for cardiovascular events in schizophrenic patients, adjusting for comorbidity and risk factors. (2) M...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/9/1/25 |
| _version_ | 1797493133299154944 |
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| author | Sara Guillen-Aguinaga Antonio Brugos-Larumbe Laura Guillen-Aguinaga Felipe Ortuño Francisco Guillen-Grima Luis Forga Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso |
| author_facet | Sara Guillen-Aguinaga Antonio Brugos-Larumbe Laura Guillen-Aguinaga Felipe Ortuño Francisco Guillen-Grima Luis Forga Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso |
| author_sort | Sara Guillen-Aguinaga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: Patients with schizophrenia have higher mortality, with cardiovascular diseases being the first cause of mortality. This study aims to estimate the excess risk of hospital admission for cardiovascular events in schizophrenic patients, adjusting for comorbidity and risk factors. (2) Methods: The APNA study is a dynamic prospective cohort of all residents in Navarra, Spain. A total of 505,889 people over 18 years old were followed for five years. The endpoint was hospital admissions for a cardiovascular event. Direct Acyclic Graphs (DAG) and Cox regression were used. (3) Results: Schizophrenic patients had a Hazard Ratio (HR) of 1.414 (95% CI 1.031–1.938) of hospital admission for a cardiovascular event after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, low income, obesity, antecedents of cardiovascular disease, and smoking. In non-adherent to antipsychotic treatment schizophrenia patients, the HR was 2.232 (95% CI 1.267–3.933). (4) Conclusions: Patients with schizophrenia have a higher risk of hospital admission for cardiovascular events than persons with the same risk factors without schizophrenia. Primary care nursing interventions should monitor these patients and reduce cardiovascular risk factors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:15:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e70b956ebd324aef9178fda698b2bc32 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2308-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:15:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-e70b956ebd324aef9178fda698b2bc322023-11-23T14:11:17ZengMDPI AGJournal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease2308-34252022-01-01912510.3390/jcdd9010025Schizophrenia and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Events in a Large Population: The APNA StudySara Guillen-Aguinaga0Antonio Brugos-Larumbe1Laura Guillen-Aguinaga2Felipe Ortuño3Francisco Guillen-Grima4Luis Forga5Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso6Azpilagaña Health Center, Navarra Health Service, 31006 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainDepartment of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainDepartment of Nursing, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainDepartment of Psychiatry, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainDepartment of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainNavarra Institute of Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainDepartment of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain(1) Background: Patients with schizophrenia have higher mortality, with cardiovascular diseases being the first cause of mortality. This study aims to estimate the excess risk of hospital admission for cardiovascular events in schizophrenic patients, adjusting for comorbidity and risk factors. (2) Methods: The APNA study is a dynamic prospective cohort of all residents in Navarra, Spain. A total of 505,889 people over 18 years old were followed for five years. The endpoint was hospital admissions for a cardiovascular event. Direct Acyclic Graphs (DAG) and Cox regression were used. (3) Results: Schizophrenic patients had a Hazard Ratio (HR) of 1.414 (95% CI 1.031–1.938) of hospital admission for a cardiovascular event after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, low income, obesity, antecedents of cardiovascular disease, and smoking. In non-adherent to antipsychotic treatment schizophrenia patients, the HR was 2.232 (95% CI 1.267–3.933). (4) Conclusions: Patients with schizophrenia have a higher risk of hospital admission for cardiovascular events than persons with the same risk factors without schizophrenia. Primary care nursing interventions should monitor these patients and reduce cardiovascular risk factors.https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/9/1/25cardiovascularschizophreniaprospective cohorthospital admissions |
| spellingShingle | Sara Guillen-Aguinaga Antonio Brugos-Larumbe Laura Guillen-Aguinaga Felipe Ortuño Francisco Guillen-Grima Luis Forga Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso Schizophrenia and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Events in a Large Population: The APNA Study Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease cardiovascular schizophrenia prospective cohort hospital admissions |
| title | Schizophrenia and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Events in a Large Population: The APNA Study |
| title_full | Schizophrenia and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Events in a Large Population: The APNA Study |
| title_fullStr | Schizophrenia and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Events in a Large Population: The APNA Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Schizophrenia and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Events in a Large Population: The APNA Study |
| title_short | Schizophrenia and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Events in a Large Population: The APNA Study |
| title_sort | schizophrenia and hospital admissions for cardiovascular events in a large population the apna study |
| topic | cardiovascular schizophrenia prospective cohort hospital admissions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/9/1/25 |
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