Rice Residue-Based Biochar Mitigates N<sub>2</sub>O Emission from Acid Red Soil
Biochar application is considered an effective approach to mitigating nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) emissions from agricultural soils. However, the mechanisms of biochar to mitigate N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from acidic red soils are still unclear. Therefore, the present stud...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2462 |
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| author | Muhammad Aamer Muhammad Bilal Chattha Athar Mahmood Maria Naqve Muhammad Umair Hassan Muhammad Shaaban Fahd Rasul Maria Batool Adnan Rasheed Haiying Tang Zhong Chuan Jinhua Shao Guoqin Huang |
| author_facet | Muhammad Aamer Muhammad Bilal Chattha Athar Mahmood Maria Naqve Muhammad Umair Hassan Muhammad Shaaban Fahd Rasul Maria Batool Adnan Rasheed Haiying Tang Zhong Chuan Jinhua Shao Guoqin Huang |
| author_sort | Muhammad Aamer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Biochar application is considered an effective approach to mitigating nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) emissions from agricultural soils. However, the mechanisms of biochar to mitigate N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from acidic red soils are still unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to underpin mechanisms associated with rice residue-based biochar in mitigating N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from acid soils. Soil treated with different rates of biochar control, from 1%, 2%, and 3%, and different soil properties, including soil pH, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N, genes abundance (<i>nosZ</i>, <i>nirK</i>, <i>AOA</i>, and <i>AOB</i>), and enzymatic activities ((nitrate reductase (NR) and urease (UR)) were studied. The application of 3% biochar increased the soil pH (5.21–6.48), MBC (565–685 mg/kg), NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N contents (24.23–44.5 mg/kg), genes abundance (<i>nosZ</i>, <i>nirK</i>, <i>AOA</i>, and <i>AOB</i>) and UR activity. The highest N<sub>2</sub>O emission (43.60 μg kg<sup>−1</sup>) was recorded and compared with the application of 1% (26.3 μg kg<sup>−1</sup>), 2% (18.33 μg kg<sup>−1</sup>), and 3% biochar (8.13 μg kg<sup>−1</sup>). Applying 3% biochar effectively reduced the N<sub>2</sub>O emission due to increased soil pH, MBC, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N contents, genes abundance (<i>nosZ</i>, <i>nirK</i>, <i>AOA</i>, and <i>AOB</i>), and weakened NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N and NR activities. Therefore, increasing soil pH, genes abundance, and weakened nitrification following the addition of rice residue-based biochar can effectively reduce the N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from acidic red soils. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:41:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e70f79d1acf442cbb362c224afa41778 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:41:01Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-e70f79d1acf442cbb362c224afa417782023-11-23T03:22:15ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-12-011112246210.3390/agronomy11122462Rice Residue-Based Biochar Mitigates N<sub>2</sub>O Emission from Acid Red SoilMuhammad Aamer0Muhammad Bilal Chattha1Athar Mahmood2Maria Naqve3Muhammad Umair Hassan4Muhammad Shaaban5Fahd Rasul6Maria Batool7Adnan Rasheed8Haiying Tang9Zhong Chuan10Jinhua Shao11Guoqin Huang12Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaDepartment of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, PakistanDepartment of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, PakistanDepartment of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, PakistanResearch Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaDepartment of Soil Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, PakistanDepartment of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, PakistanCollege of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaKey Labortory of Crops Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaResearch Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaResearch Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaResearch Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaBiochar application is considered an effective approach to mitigating nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) emissions from agricultural soils. However, the mechanisms of biochar to mitigate N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from acidic red soils are still unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to underpin mechanisms associated with rice residue-based biochar in mitigating N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from acid soils. Soil treated with different rates of biochar control, from 1%, 2%, and 3%, and different soil properties, including soil pH, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N, genes abundance (<i>nosZ</i>, <i>nirK</i>, <i>AOA</i>, and <i>AOB</i>), and enzymatic activities ((nitrate reductase (NR) and urease (UR)) were studied. The application of 3% biochar increased the soil pH (5.21–6.48), MBC (565–685 mg/kg), NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N contents (24.23–44.5 mg/kg), genes abundance (<i>nosZ</i>, <i>nirK</i>, <i>AOA</i>, and <i>AOB</i>) and UR activity. The highest N<sub>2</sub>O emission (43.60 μg kg<sup>−1</sup>) was recorded and compared with the application of 1% (26.3 μg kg<sup>−1</sup>), 2% (18.33 μg kg<sup>−1</sup>), and 3% biochar (8.13 μg kg<sup>−1</sup>). Applying 3% biochar effectively reduced the N<sub>2</sub>O emission due to increased soil pH, MBC, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N contents, genes abundance (<i>nosZ</i>, <i>nirK</i>, <i>AOA</i>, and <i>AOB</i>), and weakened NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N and NR activities. Therefore, increasing soil pH, genes abundance, and weakened nitrification following the addition of rice residue-based biochar can effectively reduce the N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from acidic red soils.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2462acid soilrice residue biochargenes abundanceN<sub>2</sub>O emissionnitrification |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Aamer Muhammad Bilal Chattha Athar Mahmood Maria Naqve Muhammad Umair Hassan Muhammad Shaaban Fahd Rasul Maria Batool Adnan Rasheed Haiying Tang Zhong Chuan Jinhua Shao Guoqin Huang Rice Residue-Based Biochar Mitigates N<sub>2</sub>O Emission from Acid Red Soil Agronomy acid soil rice residue biochar genes abundance N<sub>2</sub>O emission nitrification |
| title | Rice Residue-Based Biochar Mitigates N<sub>2</sub>O Emission from Acid Red Soil |
| title_full | Rice Residue-Based Biochar Mitigates N<sub>2</sub>O Emission from Acid Red Soil |
| title_fullStr | Rice Residue-Based Biochar Mitigates N<sub>2</sub>O Emission from Acid Red Soil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rice Residue-Based Biochar Mitigates N<sub>2</sub>O Emission from Acid Red Soil |
| title_short | Rice Residue-Based Biochar Mitigates N<sub>2</sub>O Emission from Acid Red Soil |
| title_sort | rice residue based biochar mitigates n sub 2 sub o emission from acid red soil |
| topic | acid soil rice residue biochar genes abundance N<sub>2</sub>O emission nitrification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2462 |
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