The Peculiar Trialogue between Pediatric Obesity, Systemic Inflammatory Status, and Immunity
Pediatric obesity is not only an energetic imbalance, but also a chronic complex multisystem disorder that might impair both the life length and quality. Its pandemic status should increase worldwide awareness regarding the long-term life-threatening associated complications. Obesity related complic...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-06-01
|
| Series: | Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/6/512 |
| _version_ | 1797530834570313728 |
|---|---|
| author | Lorena Elena Meliț Cristina Oana Mărginean Cristian Dan Mărginean Maria Oana Săsăran |
| author_facet | Lorena Elena Meliț Cristina Oana Mărginean Cristian Dan Mărginean Maria Oana Săsăran |
| author_sort | Lorena Elena Meliț |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pediatric obesity is not only an energetic imbalance, but also a chronic complex multisystem disorder that might impair both the life length and quality. Its pandemic status should increase worldwide awareness regarding the long-term life-threatening associated complications. Obesity related complications, such as cardiovascular, metabolic, or hepatic ones, affect both short and long-term wellbeing, and they do not spare pediatric subjects, defined as life-threatening consequences of the systemic inflammatory status triggered by the adipose tissue. The energetic imbalance of obesity clearly results in adipocytes hypertrophy and hyperplasia expressing different degrees of chronic inflammation. Adipose tissue might be considered an immune organ due to its rich content in a complex array of immune cells, among which the formerly mentioned macrophages, neutrophils, mast cells, but also eosinophils along with T and B cells, acting together to maintain the tissue homeostasis in normal weight individuals. Adipokines belong to the class of innate immunity humoral effectors, and they play a crucial role in amplifying the immune responses with a subsequent trigger effect on leukocyte activation. The usefulness of complete cellular blood count parameters, such as leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, erythrocytes, and platelets as predictors of obesity-triggered inflammation, was also proved in pediatric patients with overweight or obesity. The dogma that adipose tissue is a simple energy storage tissue is no longer accepted since it has been proved that it also has an incontestable multifunctional role acting like a true standalone organ resembling to endocrine or immune organs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:34:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e7117bee55cf4954a79cd1da869e4642 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:34:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e7117bee55cf4954a79cd1da869e46422023-11-21T23:24:07ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372021-06-0110651210.3390/biology10060512The Peculiar Trialogue between Pediatric Obesity, Systemic Inflammatory Status, and ImmunityLorena Elena Meliț0Cristina Oana Mărginean1Cristian Dan Mărginean2Maria Oana Săsăran3Department of Pediatrics I, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, RomaniaDepartment of Pediatrics I, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, RomaniaDepartment of Pediatrics I, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, RomaniaDepartment of Pediatrics III, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, RomaniaPediatric obesity is not only an energetic imbalance, but also a chronic complex multisystem disorder that might impair both the life length and quality. Its pandemic status should increase worldwide awareness regarding the long-term life-threatening associated complications. Obesity related complications, such as cardiovascular, metabolic, or hepatic ones, affect both short and long-term wellbeing, and they do not spare pediatric subjects, defined as life-threatening consequences of the systemic inflammatory status triggered by the adipose tissue. The energetic imbalance of obesity clearly results in adipocytes hypertrophy and hyperplasia expressing different degrees of chronic inflammation. Adipose tissue might be considered an immune organ due to its rich content in a complex array of immune cells, among which the formerly mentioned macrophages, neutrophils, mast cells, but also eosinophils along with T and B cells, acting together to maintain the tissue homeostasis in normal weight individuals. Adipokines belong to the class of innate immunity humoral effectors, and they play a crucial role in amplifying the immune responses with a subsequent trigger effect on leukocyte activation. The usefulness of complete cellular blood count parameters, such as leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, erythrocytes, and platelets as predictors of obesity-triggered inflammation, was also proved in pediatric patients with overweight or obesity. The dogma that adipose tissue is a simple energy storage tissue is no longer accepted since it has been proved that it also has an incontestable multifunctional role acting like a true standalone organ resembling to endocrine or immune organs.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/6/512pediatric obesitysystemic inflammatory statusimmunity |
| spellingShingle | Lorena Elena Meliț Cristina Oana Mărginean Cristian Dan Mărginean Maria Oana Săsăran The Peculiar Trialogue between Pediatric Obesity, Systemic Inflammatory Status, and Immunity Biology pediatric obesity systemic inflammatory status immunity |
| title | The Peculiar Trialogue between Pediatric Obesity, Systemic Inflammatory Status, and Immunity |
| title_full | The Peculiar Trialogue between Pediatric Obesity, Systemic Inflammatory Status, and Immunity |
| title_fullStr | The Peculiar Trialogue between Pediatric Obesity, Systemic Inflammatory Status, and Immunity |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Peculiar Trialogue between Pediatric Obesity, Systemic Inflammatory Status, and Immunity |
| title_short | The Peculiar Trialogue between Pediatric Obesity, Systemic Inflammatory Status, and Immunity |
| title_sort | peculiar trialogue between pediatric obesity systemic inflammatory status and immunity |
| topic | pediatric obesity systemic inflammatory status immunity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/6/512 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lorenaelenamelit thepeculiartrialoguebetweenpediatricobesitysystemicinflammatorystatusandimmunity AT cristinaoanamarginean thepeculiartrialoguebetweenpediatricobesitysystemicinflammatorystatusandimmunity AT cristiandanmarginean thepeculiartrialoguebetweenpediatricobesitysystemicinflammatorystatusandimmunity AT mariaoanasasaran thepeculiartrialoguebetweenpediatricobesitysystemicinflammatorystatusandimmunity AT lorenaelenamelit peculiartrialoguebetweenpediatricobesitysystemicinflammatorystatusandimmunity AT cristinaoanamarginean peculiartrialoguebetweenpediatricobesitysystemicinflammatorystatusandimmunity AT cristiandanmarginean peculiartrialoguebetweenpediatricobesitysystemicinflammatorystatusandimmunity AT mariaoanasasaran peculiartrialoguebetweenpediatricobesitysystemicinflammatorystatusandimmunity |