Effect of Fillers on the Recovery of Rubber Foam: From Theory to Applications
Natural rubber foam (NRF) can be prepared from concentrated natural latex, providing specific characteristics such as density, compression strength, compression set, and so on, suitable for making shape-memory products. However, many customers require NRF products with a low compression set. This st...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/11/2745 |
| _version_ | 1797547453874962432 |
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| author | Thridsawan Prasopdee Wirasak Smitthipong |
| author_facet | Thridsawan Prasopdee Wirasak Smitthipong |
| author_sort | Thridsawan Prasopdee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Natural rubber foam (NRF) can be prepared from concentrated natural latex, providing specific characteristics such as density, compression strength, compression set, and so on, suitable for making shape-memory products. However, many customers require NRF products with a low compression set. This study aims to develop and prepare NRF to investigate its recoverability and other related characteristics by the addition of charcoal and silica fillers. The results showed that increasing filler loading increases physical and mechanical properties. The recoverability of NRF improves as silica increases, contrary to charcoal loading, due to the higher specific surface area of silica. Thermodynamic aspects showed that increasing filler loading increases the compression force (<i>F</i>) as well as the proportion of internal energy to the compression force (<i>F</i><sub>u</sub>/<i>F</i>). The entropy (<i>S</i>) also increases with increasing filler loading, which is favorable for thermodynamic systems. The activation enthalpy (∆<i>H</i><sub>a</sub>) of the NRF with silica is higher than the control NRF, which is due to rubber–filler interactions created within the NRF. A thermodynamic concept of crosslinked rubber foam with filler is proposed. From theory to application, in this study, the NRF has better recoverability with silica loading. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:43:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e722e0a11d734105b0ad61e326ff803d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:43:24Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-e722e0a11d734105b0ad61e326ff803d2023-11-20T21:36:03ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602020-11-011211274510.3390/polym12112745Effect of Fillers on the Recovery of Rubber Foam: From Theory to ApplicationsThridsawan Prasopdee0Wirasak Smitthipong1Specialized Center of Rubber and Polymer Materials in Agriculture and Industry (RPM), Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandSpecialized Center of Rubber and Polymer Materials in Agriculture and Industry (RPM), Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandNatural rubber foam (NRF) can be prepared from concentrated natural latex, providing specific characteristics such as density, compression strength, compression set, and so on, suitable for making shape-memory products. However, many customers require NRF products with a low compression set. This study aims to develop and prepare NRF to investigate its recoverability and other related characteristics by the addition of charcoal and silica fillers. The results showed that increasing filler loading increases physical and mechanical properties. The recoverability of NRF improves as silica increases, contrary to charcoal loading, due to the higher specific surface area of silica. Thermodynamic aspects showed that increasing filler loading increases the compression force (<i>F</i>) as well as the proportion of internal energy to the compression force (<i>F</i><sub>u</sub>/<i>F</i>). The entropy (<i>S</i>) also increases with increasing filler loading, which is favorable for thermodynamic systems. The activation enthalpy (∆<i>H</i><sub>a</sub>) of the NRF with silica is higher than the control NRF, which is due to rubber–filler interactions created within the NRF. A thermodynamic concept of crosslinked rubber foam with filler is proposed. From theory to application, in this study, the NRF has better recoverability with silica loading.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/11/2745rubber foamfillercharcoalsilicacompression setrecovery |
| spellingShingle | Thridsawan Prasopdee Wirasak Smitthipong Effect of Fillers on the Recovery of Rubber Foam: From Theory to Applications Polymers rubber foam filler charcoal silica compression set recovery |
| title | Effect of Fillers on the Recovery of Rubber Foam: From Theory to Applications |
| title_full | Effect of Fillers on the Recovery of Rubber Foam: From Theory to Applications |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Fillers on the Recovery of Rubber Foam: From Theory to Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Fillers on the Recovery of Rubber Foam: From Theory to Applications |
| title_short | Effect of Fillers on the Recovery of Rubber Foam: From Theory to Applications |
| title_sort | effect of fillers on the recovery of rubber foam from theory to applications |
| topic | rubber foam filler charcoal silica compression set recovery |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/11/2745 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT thridsawanprasopdee effectoffillersontherecoveryofrubberfoamfromtheorytoapplications AT wirasaksmitthipong effectoffillersontherecoveryofrubberfoamfromtheorytoapplications |