CO<sub>2</sub> Recycling in the Iron and Steel Industry via Power-to-Gas and Oxy-Fuel Combustion
The iron and steel industry is the largest energy-consuming sector in the world. It is responsible for emitting 4–5% of the total anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub>. As an energy-intensive industry, it is essential that the iron and steel sector accomplishes important carbon emission reduction...
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2021-10-01
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author | Jorge Perpiñán Manuel Bailera Luis M. Romeo Begoña Peña Valerie Eveloy |
author_facet | Jorge Perpiñán Manuel Bailera Luis M. Romeo Begoña Peña Valerie Eveloy |
author_sort | Jorge Perpiñán |
collection | DOAJ |
description | The iron and steel industry is the largest energy-consuming sector in the world. It is responsible for emitting 4–5% of the total anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub>. As an energy-intensive industry, it is essential that the iron and steel sector accomplishes important carbon emission reduction. Carbon capture is one of the most promising alternatives to achieve this aim. Moreover, if carbon utilization via power-to-gas is integrated with carbon capture, there could be a significant increase in the interest of this alternative in the iron and steel sector. This paper presents several simulations to integrate oxy-fuel processes and power-to-gas in a steel plant, and compares gas productions (coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, and blast oxygen furnace gas), energy requirements, and carbon reduction with a base case in order to obtain the technical feasibility of the proposals. Two different power-to-gas technology implementations were selected, together with the oxy blast furnace and the top gas recycling technologies. These integrations are based on three strategies: (i) converting the blast furnace (BF) process into an oxy-fuel process, (ii) recirculating blast furnace gas (BFG) back to the BF itself, and (iii) using a methanation process to generate CH<sub>4</sub> and also introduce it to the BF. Applying these improvements to the steel industry, we achieved reductions in CO<sub>2</sub> emissions of up to 8%, and reductions in coal fuel consumption of 12.8%. On the basis of the results, we are able to conclude that the energy required to achieve the above emission savings could be as low as 4.9 MJ/kg CO<sub>2</sub> for the second implementation. These values highlight the importance of carrying out future research in the implementation of carbon capture and power-to-gas in the industrial sector. |
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institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1996-1073 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:04:07Z |
publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
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series | Energies |
spelling | doaj.art-e72b99a3726a41459b02020d5a7eea812023-11-22T20:43:24ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-10-011421709010.3390/en14217090CO<sub>2</sub> Recycling in the Iron and Steel Industry via Power-to-Gas and Oxy-Fuel CombustionJorge Perpiñán0Manuel Bailera1Luis M. Romeo2Begoña Peña3Valerie Eveloy4Escuela de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad de Zaragoza, María de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, SpainEscuela de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad de Zaragoza, María de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, SpainEscuela de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad de Zaragoza, María de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, SpainEscuela de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad de Zaragoza, María de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, SpainDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab EmiratesThe iron and steel industry is the largest energy-consuming sector in the world. It is responsible for emitting 4–5% of the total anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub>. As an energy-intensive industry, it is essential that the iron and steel sector accomplishes important carbon emission reduction. Carbon capture is one of the most promising alternatives to achieve this aim. Moreover, if carbon utilization via power-to-gas is integrated with carbon capture, there could be a significant increase in the interest of this alternative in the iron and steel sector. This paper presents several simulations to integrate oxy-fuel processes and power-to-gas in a steel plant, and compares gas productions (coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, and blast oxygen furnace gas), energy requirements, and carbon reduction with a base case in order to obtain the technical feasibility of the proposals. Two different power-to-gas technology implementations were selected, together with the oxy blast furnace and the top gas recycling technologies. These integrations are based on three strategies: (i) converting the blast furnace (BF) process into an oxy-fuel process, (ii) recirculating blast furnace gas (BFG) back to the BF itself, and (iii) using a methanation process to generate CH<sub>4</sub> and also introduce it to the BF. Applying these improvements to the steel industry, we achieved reductions in CO<sub>2</sub> emissions of up to 8%, and reductions in coal fuel consumption of 12.8%. On the basis of the results, we are able to conclude that the energy required to achieve the above emission savings could be as low as 4.9 MJ/kg CO<sub>2</sub> for the second implementation. These values highlight the importance of carrying out future research in the implementation of carbon capture and power-to-gas in the industrial sector.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/7090ironmakingpower-to-gasiron and steel industrymethanationoxy-fuel combustiontop gas recycling |
spellingShingle | Jorge Perpiñán Manuel Bailera Luis M. Romeo Begoña Peña Valerie Eveloy CO<sub>2</sub> Recycling in the Iron and Steel Industry via Power-to-Gas and Oxy-Fuel Combustion Energies ironmaking power-to-gas iron and steel industry methanation oxy-fuel combustion top gas recycling |
title | CO<sub>2</sub> Recycling in the Iron and Steel Industry via Power-to-Gas and Oxy-Fuel Combustion |
title_full | CO<sub>2</sub> Recycling in the Iron and Steel Industry via Power-to-Gas and Oxy-Fuel Combustion |
title_fullStr | CO<sub>2</sub> Recycling in the Iron and Steel Industry via Power-to-Gas and Oxy-Fuel Combustion |
title_full_unstemmed | CO<sub>2</sub> Recycling in the Iron and Steel Industry via Power-to-Gas and Oxy-Fuel Combustion |
title_short | CO<sub>2</sub> Recycling in the Iron and Steel Industry via Power-to-Gas and Oxy-Fuel Combustion |
title_sort | co sub 2 sub recycling in the iron and steel industry via power to gas and oxy fuel combustion |
topic | ironmaking power-to-gas iron and steel industry methanation oxy-fuel combustion top gas recycling |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/7090 |
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