The Fault in Our Astrocytes - cause or casualties of proteinopathies of ALS/FTD and other neurodegenerative diseases?
Many neurodegenerative diseases fall under the class of diseases known as proteinopathies, whereby the structure and localization of specific proteins become abnormal. These aberrant proteins often aggregate within cells which disrupts vital homeostatic and physiological cellular functions, ultimate...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Molecular Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmmed.2023.1075805/full |
| _version_ | 1797905083205156864 |
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| author | Lynette M. Bustos Lynette M. Bustos Rita Sattler |
| author_facet | Lynette M. Bustos Lynette M. Bustos Rita Sattler |
| author_sort | Lynette M. Bustos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many neurodegenerative diseases fall under the class of diseases known as proteinopathies, whereby the structure and localization of specific proteins become abnormal. These aberrant proteins often aggregate within cells which disrupts vital homeostatic and physiological cellular functions, ultimately contributing to cell death. Although neurodegenerative disease research is typically neurocentric, there is evidence supporting the role of non-neuronal cells in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Specifically, the role of astrocytes in neurodegenerative diseases has been an ever-growing area of research. Astrocytes are one of the most abundant cell types in the central nervous system (CNS) and provide an array of essential homeostatic functions that are disrupted in neurodegenerative diseases. Astrocytes can exhibit a reactive phenotype that is characterized by molecular changes, as well as changes in morphology and function. In neurodegenerative diseases, there is potential for reactive astrocytes to assume a loss-of-function phenotype in homeostatic operations such as synapse maintenance, neuronal metabolic support, and facilitating cell-cell communication between glia and neurons. They are also able to concurrently exhibit gain-of-function phenotypes that can be destructive to neural networks and the astrocytes themselves. Additionally, astrocytes have been shown to internalize disease related proteins and reflect similar or exacerbated pathology that has been observed in neurons. Here, we review several major neurodegenerative disease-specific proteinopathies and what is known about their presence in astrocytes and the potential consequences regarding cell and non-cell autonomous neurodegeneration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T09:59:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e72ef2251cfd45fca880b0eebc61afda |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2674-0095 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T09:59:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Molecular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-e72ef2251cfd45fca880b0eebc61afda2023-02-16T11:14:48ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Medicine2674-00952023-02-01310.3389/fmmed.2023.10758051075805The Fault in Our Astrocytes - cause or casualties of proteinopathies of ALS/FTD and other neurodegenerative diseases?Lynette M. Bustos0Lynette M. Bustos1Rita Sattler2School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United StatesBarrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United StatesBarrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United StatesMany neurodegenerative diseases fall under the class of diseases known as proteinopathies, whereby the structure and localization of specific proteins become abnormal. These aberrant proteins often aggregate within cells which disrupts vital homeostatic and physiological cellular functions, ultimately contributing to cell death. Although neurodegenerative disease research is typically neurocentric, there is evidence supporting the role of non-neuronal cells in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Specifically, the role of astrocytes in neurodegenerative diseases has been an ever-growing area of research. Astrocytes are one of the most abundant cell types in the central nervous system (CNS) and provide an array of essential homeostatic functions that are disrupted in neurodegenerative diseases. Astrocytes can exhibit a reactive phenotype that is characterized by molecular changes, as well as changes in morphology and function. In neurodegenerative diseases, there is potential for reactive astrocytes to assume a loss-of-function phenotype in homeostatic operations such as synapse maintenance, neuronal metabolic support, and facilitating cell-cell communication between glia and neurons. They are also able to concurrently exhibit gain-of-function phenotypes that can be destructive to neural networks and the astrocytes themselves. Additionally, astrocytes have been shown to internalize disease related proteins and reflect similar or exacerbated pathology that has been observed in neurons. Here, we review several major neurodegenerative disease-specific proteinopathies and what is known about their presence in astrocytes and the potential consequences regarding cell and non-cell autonomous neurodegeneration.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmmed.2023.1075805/fullastrocytesneurodegenarationproteinopathiesALSFTDAlzheimer's disease |
| spellingShingle | Lynette M. Bustos Lynette M. Bustos Rita Sattler The Fault in Our Astrocytes - cause or casualties of proteinopathies of ALS/FTD and other neurodegenerative diseases? Frontiers in Molecular Medicine astrocytes neurodegenaration proteinopathies ALS FTD Alzheimer's disease |
| title | The Fault in Our Astrocytes - cause or casualties of proteinopathies of ALS/FTD and other neurodegenerative diseases? |
| title_full | The Fault in Our Astrocytes - cause or casualties of proteinopathies of ALS/FTD and other neurodegenerative diseases? |
| title_fullStr | The Fault in Our Astrocytes - cause or casualties of proteinopathies of ALS/FTD and other neurodegenerative diseases? |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Fault in Our Astrocytes - cause or casualties of proteinopathies of ALS/FTD and other neurodegenerative diseases? |
| title_short | The Fault in Our Astrocytes - cause or casualties of proteinopathies of ALS/FTD and other neurodegenerative diseases? |
| title_sort | fault in our astrocytes cause or casualties of proteinopathies of als ftd and other neurodegenerative diseases |
| topic | astrocytes neurodegenaration proteinopathies ALS FTD Alzheimer's disease |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmmed.2023.1075805/full |
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