Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Currently Used Methods
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a major threat to public health globally. Accurate and rapid detection of resistance to antimicrobial drugs, and subsequent appropriate antimicrobial treatment, combined with antimicrobial stewardship, are essential for controlling the emergence and spre...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/4/427 |
| _version_ | 1797437200923623424 |
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| author | Ina Gajic Jovana Kabic Dusan Kekic Milos Jovicevic Marina Milenkovic Dragana Mitic Culafic Anika Trudic Lazar Ranin Natasa Opavski |
| author_facet | Ina Gajic Jovana Kabic Dusan Kekic Milos Jovicevic Marina Milenkovic Dragana Mitic Culafic Anika Trudic Lazar Ranin Natasa Opavski |
| author_sort | Ina Gajic |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a major threat to public health globally. Accurate and rapid detection of resistance to antimicrobial drugs, and subsequent appropriate antimicrobial treatment, combined with antimicrobial stewardship, are essential for controlling the emergence and spread of AMR. This article reviews common antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods and relevant issues concerning the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Although accurate, classic technologies used in clinical microbiology to profile antimicrobial susceptibility are time-consuming and relatively expensive. As a result, physicians often prescribe empirical antimicrobial therapies and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Although recently developed AST systems have shown advantages over traditional methods in terms of testing speed and the potential for providing a deeper insight into resistance mechanisms, extensive validation is required to translate these methodologies to clinical practice. With a continuous increase in antimicrobial resistance, additional efforts are needed to develop innovative, rapid, accurate, and portable diagnostic tools for AST. The wide implementation of novel devices would enable the identification of the optimal treatment approaches and the surveillance of antibiotic resistance in health, agriculture, and the environment, allowing monitoring and better tackling the emergence of AMR. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:16:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e72ffa90019744d5902da147bbd28e8d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:16:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-e72ffa90019744d5902da147bbd28e8d2023-12-01T00:31:35ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822022-03-0111442710.3390/antibiotics11040427Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Currently Used MethodsIna Gajic0Jovana Kabic1Dusan Kekic2Milos Jovicevic3Marina Milenkovic4Dragana Mitic Culafic5Anika Trudic6Lazar Ranin7Natasa Opavski8Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a major threat to public health globally. Accurate and rapid detection of resistance to antimicrobial drugs, and subsequent appropriate antimicrobial treatment, combined with antimicrobial stewardship, are essential for controlling the emergence and spread of AMR. This article reviews common antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods and relevant issues concerning the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Although accurate, classic technologies used in clinical microbiology to profile antimicrobial susceptibility are time-consuming and relatively expensive. As a result, physicians often prescribe empirical antimicrobial therapies and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Although recently developed AST systems have shown advantages over traditional methods in terms of testing speed and the potential for providing a deeper insight into resistance mechanisms, extensive validation is required to translate these methodologies to clinical practice. With a continuous increase in antimicrobial resistance, additional efforts are needed to develop innovative, rapid, accurate, and portable diagnostic tools for AST. The wide implementation of novel devices would enable the identification of the optimal treatment approaches and the surveillance of antibiotic resistance in health, agriculture, and the environment, allowing monitoring and better tackling the emergence of AMR.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/4/427antimicrobial susceptibility testingantimicrobial resistancemethods |
| spellingShingle | Ina Gajic Jovana Kabic Dusan Kekic Milos Jovicevic Marina Milenkovic Dragana Mitic Culafic Anika Trudic Lazar Ranin Natasa Opavski Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Currently Used Methods Antibiotics antimicrobial susceptibility testing antimicrobial resistance methods |
| title | Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Currently Used Methods |
| title_full | Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Currently Used Methods |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Currently Used Methods |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Currently Used Methods |
| title_short | Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Currently Used Methods |
| title_sort | antimicrobial susceptibility testing a comprehensive review of currently used methods |
| topic | antimicrobial susceptibility testing antimicrobial resistance methods |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/4/427 |
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