Psychometric properties and population norms of the positive mental health instrument in a representative multi-ethnic Asian population
Abstract Background Measures of mental well-being and positive mental health (PMH) have been largely developed and used in Western populations, however, data on representative Asian communities are lacking. Using data from a population sample, this study sought to establish psychometric properties a...
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BMC
2018-03-01
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Series: | BMC Medical Research Methodology |
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Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12874-018-0487-9 |
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author | Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar Mythily Subramaniam Linda Wei Lin Tan Edimansyah Abdin Wei Yen Lim Hwee Lin Wee Siow Ann Chong Rob Martinus van Dam |
author_facet | Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar Mythily Subramaniam Linda Wei Lin Tan Edimansyah Abdin Wei Yen Lim Hwee Lin Wee Siow Ann Chong Rob Martinus van Dam |
author_sort | Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Abstract Background Measures of mental well-being and positive mental health (PMH) have been largely developed and used in Western populations, however, data on representative Asian communities are lacking. Using data from a population sample, this study sought to establish psychometric properties and norms of the PMH Instrument (PMH-I), a measure of positive mental health developed in Singapore. Methods We conducted a nationally representative survey among 1925 adults aged 18–79 years of Chinese, Malay, Indian or other ethnicity. Participants reported socio-demographic characteristics and completed the PMH-I along with measures of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychological distress. Construct validity of the PMH-I was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis and concurrent validity was tested through correlation with other psychological measures. Normative PMH values and differences in population subgroups were estimated. Results The six-factor-higher-order structure of the PMH-I comprising six subscales of general coping, emotional support, spirituality, interpersonal skills, personal growth and autonomy and global affect was confirmed. Concurrent validity was shown through significant positive correlation of the total PMH score and its subscales with HRQoL and an inverse correlation with psychological distress. Weighted age, gender and ethnicity-specific norms were derived for the Singapore population. Total PMH was significantly higher in participants aged over 40 years as compared with 18–29 year olds and in non-Chinese ethnic groups as compared with Chinese. These differences were observed for all PMH-I subscales, with the exception of emotional support and interpersonal skills score differences by age. In contrast, gender, marital status, and education level were significantly associated with some of the subscales, but not with total PMH. Conclusions These results support the psychometric properties of the PMH-I in a multi-ethnic Asian population sample. The generalizable population-based norms support the application of the PMH-I for measuring mental health and assessing its determinants within the Singapore general population. |
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issn | 1471-2288 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-04-13T11:20:24Z |
publishDate | 2018-03-01 |
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series | BMC Medical Research Methodology |
spelling | doaj.art-e735b13cab554362a14b89b3d80bea202022-12-22T02:48:51ZengBMCBMC Medical Research Methodology1471-22882018-03-0118111210.1186/s12874-018-0487-9Psychometric properties and population norms of the positive mental health instrument in a representative multi-ethnic Asian populationJanhavi Ajit Vaingankar0Mythily Subramaniam1Linda Wei Lin Tan2Edimansyah Abdin3Wei Yen Lim4Hwee Lin Wee5Siow Ann Chong6Rob Martinus van Dam7Institute of Mental HealthInstitute of Mental HealthSaw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health SystemInstitute of Mental HealthDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng HospitalSaw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health SystemInstitute of Mental HealthSaw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health SystemAbstract Background Measures of mental well-being and positive mental health (PMH) have been largely developed and used in Western populations, however, data on representative Asian communities are lacking. Using data from a population sample, this study sought to establish psychometric properties and norms of the PMH Instrument (PMH-I), a measure of positive mental health developed in Singapore. Methods We conducted a nationally representative survey among 1925 adults aged 18–79 years of Chinese, Malay, Indian or other ethnicity. Participants reported socio-demographic characteristics and completed the PMH-I along with measures of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychological distress. Construct validity of the PMH-I was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis and concurrent validity was tested through correlation with other psychological measures. Normative PMH values and differences in population subgroups were estimated. Results The six-factor-higher-order structure of the PMH-I comprising six subscales of general coping, emotional support, spirituality, interpersonal skills, personal growth and autonomy and global affect was confirmed. Concurrent validity was shown through significant positive correlation of the total PMH score and its subscales with HRQoL and an inverse correlation with psychological distress. Weighted age, gender and ethnicity-specific norms were derived for the Singapore population. Total PMH was significantly higher in participants aged over 40 years as compared with 18–29 year olds and in non-Chinese ethnic groups as compared with Chinese. These differences were observed for all PMH-I subscales, with the exception of emotional support and interpersonal skills score differences by age. In contrast, gender, marital status, and education level were significantly associated with some of the subscales, but not with total PMH. Conclusions These results support the psychometric properties of the PMH-I in a multi-ethnic Asian population sample. The generalizable population-based norms support the application of the PMH-I for measuring mental health and assessing its determinants within the Singapore general population.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12874-018-0487-9Confirmatory factor analysisGeneral populationNormative dataReliabilityValidity |
spellingShingle | Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar Mythily Subramaniam Linda Wei Lin Tan Edimansyah Abdin Wei Yen Lim Hwee Lin Wee Siow Ann Chong Rob Martinus van Dam Psychometric properties and population norms of the positive mental health instrument in a representative multi-ethnic Asian population BMC Medical Research Methodology Confirmatory factor analysis General population Normative data Reliability Validity |
title | Psychometric properties and population norms of the positive mental health instrument in a representative multi-ethnic Asian population |
title_full | Psychometric properties and population norms of the positive mental health instrument in a representative multi-ethnic Asian population |
title_fullStr | Psychometric properties and population norms of the positive mental health instrument in a representative multi-ethnic Asian population |
title_full_unstemmed | Psychometric properties and population norms of the positive mental health instrument in a representative multi-ethnic Asian population |
title_short | Psychometric properties and population norms of the positive mental health instrument in a representative multi-ethnic Asian population |
title_sort | psychometric properties and population norms of the positive mental health instrument in a representative multi ethnic asian population |
topic | Confirmatory factor analysis General population Normative data Reliability Validity |
url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12874-018-0487-9 |
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