In Vivo Efficacy of Artesunate/Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine versus Artesunate/Amodiaquine in the Treatment of Uncomplicated P. falciparium Malaria in Children around the Slope of Mount Cameroon: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Background: The development and spread of antimalarial drug resistant parasites contributes to the global impact of the disease. In vivo efficacy assessments of treatments for Plasmodium falciparum malaria are essential for ensuring effective case management. Artemisinin-based combinations have been...
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MDPI AG
2016-02-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/4/1/5 |
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| author | Tobias O. Apinjoh Judith K. Anchang-Kimbi Marcelus U. Ajonina Esther T. Njonguo Clarisse Njua-Yafi Andre N. Ngwai Regina N. Mugri Eric A. Achidi |
| author_facet | Tobias O. Apinjoh Judith K. Anchang-Kimbi Marcelus U. Ajonina Esther T. Njonguo Clarisse Njua-Yafi Andre N. Ngwai Regina N. Mugri Eric A. Achidi |
| author_sort | Tobias O. Apinjoh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The development and spread of antimalarial drug resistant parasites contributes to the global impact of the disease. In vivo efficacy assessments of treatments for Plasmodium falciparum malaria are essential for ensuring effective case management. Artemisinin-based combinations have been adopted as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Cameroon since 2004. Methods: A total of 177 children aged six-months to 10 years with uncomplicated mono-infected falciparum malaria were randomized (1:1) to receive artesunate/sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS/SP) or artesunate/amodiaquine (AS/AQ) pediatric tablets and followed up for 28 days according to the standard World Health Organization in vivo drug efficacy monitoring protocol. The primary and secondary endpoints were PCR uncorrected and corrected cure rates, as measured by adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) on day 28. Results: The PCR corrected cure rate was high, overall (88.1%, 95% CI 83.1–93.1), 85.9% (95% CI 78.2–93.6), and 90.2% (95% CI 83.8–96.6) for AS/SP and AS/AQ, respectively. Twenty-one treatment failures were observed during follow-up, constituting one (4.6%), 14 (8.2%), and six (3.5%) early treatment failure (ETF), late clinical failure (LCF), and late parasitological failure (LPF), respectively. The drugs were well tolerated with no serious adverse events. Conclusions: Both AS/SP and AS/AQ are highly effective and well-tolerated treatments for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria around the slope of Mount Cameroon. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T06:00:38Z |
| publishDate | 2016-02-01 |
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| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-e73fc209cdbf440685191e2c5f467a5d2022-12-21T23:57:21ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592016-02-0141510.3390/biomedicines4010005biomedicines4010005In Vivo Efficacy of Artesunate/Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine versus Artesunate/Amodiaquine in the Treatment of Uncomplicated P. falciparium Malaria in Children around the Slope of Mount Cameroon: A Randomized Controlled TrialTobias O. Apinjoh0Judith K. Anchang-Kimbi1Marcelus U. Ajonina2Esther T. Njonguo3Clarisse Njua-Yafi4Andre N. Ngwai5Regina N. Mugri6Eric A. Achidi7Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Buea, PO Box 63 Buea, CameroonDepartment of Zoology and Animal Physiology, University of Buea, PO Box 63 Buea, CameroonSchool of Applied Sciences, Saint Monica University, PO Box 132 Buea, CameroonDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Buea, PO Box 63 Buea, CameroonDepartment of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaounde I, PO Box 8094 Yaounde, CameroonDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Buea, PO Box 63 Buea, CameroonDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Buea, PO Box 63 Buea, CameroonDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Buea, PO Box 63 Buea, CameroonBackground: The development and spread of antimalarial drug resistant parasites contributes to the global impact of the disease. In vivo efficacy assessments of treatments for Plasmodium falciparum malaria are essential for ensuring effective case management. Artemisinin-based combinations have been adopted as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Cameroon since 2004. Methods: A total of 177 children aged six-months to 10 years with uncomplicated mono-infected falciparum malaria were randomized (1:1) to receive artesunate/sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS/SP) or artesunate/amodiaquine (AS/AQ) pediatric tablets and followed up for 28 days according to the standard World Health Organization in vivo drug efficacy monitoring protocol. The primary and secondary endpoints were PCR uncorrected and corrected cure rates, as measured by adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) on day 28. Results: The PCR corrected cure rate was high, overall (88.1%, 95% CI 83.1–93.1), 85.9% (95% CI 78.2–93.6), and 90.2% (95% CI 83.8–96.6) for AS/SP and AS/AQ, respectively. Twenty-one treatment failures were observed during follow-up, constituting one (4.6%), 14 (8.2%), and six (3.5%) early treatment failure (ETF), late clinical failure (LCF), and late parasitological failure (LPF), respectively. The drugs were well tolerated with no serious adverse events. Conclusions: Both AS/SP and AS/AQ are highly effective and well-tolerated treatments for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria around the slope of Mount Cameroon.http://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/4/1/5in vivo efficacyACT (artemisinin–based combination therapy)uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum |
| spellingShingle | Tobias O. Apinjoh Judith K. Anchang-Kimbi Marcelus U. Ajonina Esther T. Njonguo Clarisse Njua-Yafi Andre N. Ngwai Regina N. Mugri Eric A. Achidi In Vivo Efficacy of Artesunate/Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine versus Artesunate/Amodiaquine in the Treatment of Uncomplicated P. falciparium Malaria in Children around the Slope of Mount Cameroon: A Randomized Controlled Trial Biomedicines in vivo efficacy ACT (artemisinin–based combination therapy) uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum |
| title | In Vivo Efficacy of Artesunate/Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine versus Artesunate/Amodiaquine in the Treatment of Uncomplicated P. falciparium Malaria in Children around the Slope of Mount Cameroon: A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_full | In Vivo Efficacy of Artesunate/Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine versus Artesunate/Amodiaquine in the Treatment of Uncomplicated P. falciparium Malaria in Children around the Slope of Mount Cameroon: A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_fullStr | In Vivo Efficacy of Artesunate/Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine versus Artesunate/Amodiaquine in the Treatment of Uncomplicated P. falciparium Malaria in Children around the Slope of Mount Cameroon: A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vivo Efficacy of Artesunate/Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine versus Artesunate/Amodiaquine in the Treatment of Uncomplicated P. falciparium Malaria in Children around the Slope of Mount Cameroon: A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_short | In Vivo Efficacy of Artesunate/Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine versus Artesunate/Amodiaquine in the Treatment of Uncomplicated P. falciparium Malaria in Children around the Slope of Mount Cameroon: A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_sort | in vivo efficacy of artesunate sulphadoxine pyrimethamine versus artesunate amodiaquine in the treatment of uncomplicated p falciparium malaria in children around the slope of mount cameroon a randomized controlled trial |
| topic | in vivo efficacy ACT (artemisinin–based combination therapy) uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/4/1/5 |
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