Assessment of the synthesis routes conditions for obtaining ammonium dinitramide by the FT-IR
Over the last two decades, many routes have been proposed to synthesize ammonium dinitramide (ADN). However, most of them lie in routes in which reactants are too expensive for large-scale production. In this sense, the use of ordinary reactants is of paramount importance in this case. The aim in th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço (IAE)
2011-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management |
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| Online Access: | http://www.jatm.com.br/papers/vol3_n3/JATMv3n3_p269-278_Assessment_of_the_synthesis_routes_conditions_for_obtaining_ammonium_dinitranide_by_FT-IR.pdf |
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| author | José Irineu Sampaio de Oliveira Márcio Yuji Nagamachi Milton Faria Diniz Elizabeth da Costa Mattos Rita de Cássia Lazzarini Dutra |
| author_facet | José Irineu Sampaio de Oliveira Márcio Yuji Nagamachi Milton Faria Diniz Elizabeth da Costa Mattos Rita de Cássia Lazzarini Dutra |
| author_sort | José Irineu Sampaio de Oliveira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Over the last two decades, many routes have been proposed to synthesize ammonium dinitramide (ADN). However, most of them lie in routes in which reactants are too expensive for large-scale production. In this sense, the use of ordinary reactants is of paramount importance in this case. The aim in this synthesis consists on nitrating a starting reactant in a reaction known as nitration. Both the nitrating agent and the starting reactant should preferably be ordinary, narrowing the possibility of having realistic options for them. The most ordinary nitrating agent consists of a mixture of sulfuric and fuming nitric acids. Therefore, the breakthrough must come from the suitable choice of the starting reactant. However, so far, the only viable reaction relies on the use of sulfamate salts. Even though the process with this kind of salt has been largely commercially developed, only few information are available in the literature to properly address issues emerged from it. In this study, an attempt is made to enlighten some effects on the product caused by modifications in the route conditions. Characterization of the resulting products was confirmed by FT-IR in the region of MIR and NIR. The characteristic bands employed to identify ADN in the region of middle infrared were: 3129 and 1384 cm-1 (NH4+); 1537, 1344, 1209, and 1177 cm-1 (NO2); 1032, 954 cm-1 (N3); 828, 762 and 732 cm-1(NO2). The near infrared analysis pointed out few bands at 5185 and 4672 cm-1 in NH combination bands region. The resulting middle infrared spectrum was compared to the reference found in the literature for this product. The results show excellent agreement with the expected product. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T19:51:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e74d7cb2ad374a969daf8b63139e3b03 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1984-9648 2175-9146 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T19:51:10Z |
| publishDate | 2011-09-01 |
| publisher | Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço (IAE) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management |
| spelling | doaj.art-e74d7cb2ad374a969daf8b63139e3b032022-12-22T00:52:46ZengInstituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço (IAE)Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management1984-96482175-91462011-09-0133269278Assessment of the synthesis routes conditions for obtaining ammonium dinitramide by the FT-IRJosé Irineu Sampaio de OliveiraMárcio Yuji NagamachiMilton Faria DinizElizabeth da Costa MattosRita de Cássia Lazzarini DutraOver the last two decades, many routes have been proposed to synthesize ammonium dinitramide (ADN). However, most of them lie in routes in which reactants are too expensive for large-scale production. In this sense, the use of ordinary reactants is of paramount importance in this case. The aim in this synthesis consists on nitrating a starting reactant in a reaction known as nitration. Both the nitrating agent and the starting reactant should preferably be ordinary, narrowing the possibility of having realistic options for them. The most ordinary nitrating agent consists of a mixture of sulfuric and fuming nitric acids. Therefore, the breakthrough must come from the suitable choice of the starting reactant. However, so far, the only viable reaction relies on the use of sulfamate salts. Even though the process with this kind of salt has been largely commercially developed, only few information are available in the literature to properly address issues emerged from it. In this study, an attempt is made to enlighten some effects on the product caused by modifications in the route conditions. Characterization of the resulting products was confirmed by FT-IR in the region of MIR and NIR. The characteristic bands employed to identify ADN in the region of middle infrared were: 3129 and 1384 cm-1 (NH4+); 1537, 1344, 1209, and 1177 cm-1 (NO2); 1032, 954 cm-1 (N3); 828, 762 and 732 cm-1(NO2). The near infrared analysis pointed out few bands at 5185 and 4672 cm-1 in NH combination bands region. The resulting middle infrared spectrum was compared to the reference found in the literature for this product. The results show excellent agreement with the expected product.http://www.jatm.com.br/papers/vol3_n3/JATMv3n3_p269-278_Assessment_of_the_synthesis_routes_conditions_for_obtaining_ammonium_dinitranide_by_FT-IR.pdfPropellantOxidizerEnergetic materialADN synthesisAmmonium dinitramideFT-IRMIRNIR |
| spellingShingle | José Irineu Sampaio de Oliveira Márcio Yuji Nagamachi Milton Faria Diniz Elizabeth da Costa Mattos Rita de Cássia Lazzarini Dutra Assessment of the synthesis routes conditions for obtaining ammonium dinitramide by the FT-IR Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management Propellant Oxidizer Energetic material ADN synthesis Ammonium dinitramide FT-IR MIR NIR |
| title | Assessment of the synthesis routes conditions for obtaining ammonium dinitramide by the FT-IR |
| title_full | Assessment of the synthesis routes conditions for obtaining ammonium dinitramide by the FT-IR |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of the synthesis routes conditions for obtaining ammonium dinitramide by the FT-IR |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of the synthesis routes conditions for obtaining ammonium dinitramide by the FT-IR |
| title_short | Assessment of the synthesis routes conditions for obtaining ammonium dinitramide by the FT-IR |
| title_sort | assessment of the synthesis routes conditions for obtaining ammonium dinitramide by the ft ir |
| topic | Propellant Oxidizer Energetic material ADN synthesis Ammonium dinitramide FT-IR MIR NIR |
| url | http://www.jatm.com.br/papers/vol3_n3/JATMv3n3_p269-278_Assessment_of_the_synthesis_routes_conditions_for_obtaining_ammonium_dinitranide_by_FT-IR.pdf |
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