Picosecond Laser-Induced Hierarchical Periodic Near- and Deep-Subwavelength Ripples on Stainless-Steel Surfaces
Ultrafast laser-induced periodic surface subwavelength ripples, categorized based on the ripple period into near-subwavelength ripples (NSRs) and deep-subwavelength ripples (DSRs), are increasingly found in the variety of materials such as metals, semiconductors and dielectrics. The fabrication of h...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-12-01
|
| Series: | Nanomaterials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/1/62 |
| _version_ | 1818838958186954752 |
|---|---|
| author | Shijie Ding Dehua Zhu Wei Xue Wenwen Liu Yu Cao |
| author_facet | Shijie Ding Dehua Zhu Wei Xue Wenwen Liu Yu Cao |
| author_sort | Shijie Ding |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ultrafast laser-induced periodic surface subwavelength ripples, categorized based on the ripple period into near-subwavelength ripples (NSRs) and deep-subwavelength ripples (DSRs), are increasingly found in the variety of materials such as metals, semiconductors and dielectrics. The fabrication of hierarchical periodic NSRs and DSRs on the same laser-irradiated area is still a challenge since the connection between the two remains a puzzle. Here we present an experimental study of linearly polarized picosecond laser-induced hierarchical periodic NSRs and DSRs on stainless-steel surfaces. While experiencing peak power density higher than a threshold value of 91.9 GW/cm<sup>2</sup>, in the laser-scanned area appear the hierarchical periodic NSRs and DSRs (in particular, the DSRs are vertically located in the valley of parallel NSRs). A large area of the uniformly hierarchical periodic NSRs and DSRs, with the spatial periods 356 ± 17 nm and 58 ± 15 nm, respectively, is fabricated by a set of optimized laser-scanning parameters. A qualitative explanation based on the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modulated periodic coulomb explosion is proposed for unified interpretation of the formation mechanism of hierarchical periodic NSRs and DSRs, which includes lattice orientation of grains as a factor at low peak power density, so that the initial DSRs formed have a clear conformance with the metallic grains. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T03:46:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e74fedc67d2e462b9684623d8ae2e829 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T03:46:40Z |
| publishDate | 2019-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-e74fedc67d2e462b9684623d8ae2e8292022-12-21T20:37:06ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912019-12-011016210.3390/nano10010062nano10010062Picosecond Laser-Induced Hierarchical Periodic Near- and Deep-Subwavelength Ripples on Stainless-Steel SurfacesShijie Ding0Dehua Zhu1Wei Xue2Wenwen Liu3Yu Cao4College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, ChinaInstitute of Laser and Optoelectronic Intelligent Manufacturing, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, ChinaCollege of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, ChinaCollege of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, ChinaInstitute of Laser and Optoelectronic Intelligent Manufacturing, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, ChinaUltrafast laser-induced periodic surface subwavelength ripples, categorized based on the ripple period into near-subwavelength ripples (NSRs) and deep-subwavelength ripples (DSRs), are increasingly found in the variety of materials such as metals, semiconductors and dielectrics. The fabrication of hierarchical periodic NSRs and DSRs on the same laser-irradiated area is still a challenge since the connection between the two remains a puzzle. Here we present an experimental study of linearly polarized picosecond laser-induced hierarchical periodic NSRs and DSRs on stainless-steel surfaces. While experiencing peak power density higher than a threshold value of 91.9 GW/cm<sup>2</sup>, in the laser-scanned area appear the hierarchical periodic NSRs and DSRs (in particular, the DSRs are vertically located in the valley of parallel NSRs). A large area of the uniformly hierarchical periodic NSRs and DSRs, with the spatial periods 356 ± 17 nm and 58 ± 15 nm, respectively, is fabricated by a set of optimized laser-scanning parameters. A qualitative explanation based on the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modulated periodic coulomb explosion is proposed for unified interpretation of the formation mechanism of hierarchical periodic NSRs and DSRs, which includes lattice orientation of grains as a factor at low peak power density, so that the initial DSRs formed have a clear conformance with the metallic grains.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/1/62laser induced subwavelength ripplessurface plasmon polaritonscoulomb explosionstainless steel |
| spellingShingle | Shijie Ding Dehua Zhu Wei Xue Wenwen Liu Yu Cao Picosecond Laser-Induced Hierarchical Periodic Near- and Deep-Subwavelength Ripples on Stainless-Steel Surfaces Nanomaterials laser induced subwavelength ripples surface plasmon polaritons coulomb explosion stainless steel |
| title | Picosecond Laser-Induced Hierarchical Periodic Near- and Deep-Subwavelength Ripples on Stainless-Steel Surfaces |
| title_full | Picosecond Laser-Induced Hierarchical Periodic Near- and Deep-Subwavelength Ripples on Stainless-Steel Surfaces |
| title_fullStr | Picosecond Laser-Induced Hierarchical Periodic Near- and Deep-Subwavelength Ripples on Stainless-Steel Surfaces |
| title_full_unstemmed | Picosecond Laser-Induced Hierarchical Periodic Near- and Deep-Subwavelength Ripples on Stainless-Steel Surfaces |
| title_short | Picosecond Laser-Induced Hierarchical Periodic Near- and Deep-Subwavelength Ripples on Stainless-Steel Surfaces |
| title_sort | picosecond laser induced hierarchical periodic near and deep subwavelength ripples on stainless steel surfaces |
| topic | laser induced subwavelength ripples surface plasmon polaritons coulomb explosion stainless steel |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/1/62 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shijieding picosecondlaserinducedhierarchicalperiodicnearanddeepsubwavelengthripplesonstainlesssteelsurfaces AT dehuazhu picosecondlaserinducedhierarchicalperiodicnearanddeepsubwavelengthripplesonstainlesssteelsurfaces AT weixue picosecondlaserinducedhierarchicalperiodicnearanddeepsubwavelengthripplesonstainlesssteelsurfaces AT wenwenliu picosecondlaserinducedhierarchicalperiodicnearanddeepsubwavelengthripplesonstainlesssteelsurfaces AT yucao picosecondlaserinducedhierarchicalperiodicnearanddeepsubwavelengthripplesonstainlesssteelsurfaces |