Prevalence of Calicivirus and Hepatitis A virus in bivalve molluscs from Galicia
From a virological standpoint, shellfish safety continues to be a sanitary challenge. Bivalves are one of the most common vehicles of viral illness and the adoption of viral standards into European Union legislation is being considered. In this study, a 18-months survey were conducted in ten harvest...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2014-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/conf.fmars.2014.02.00170/full |
| _version_ | 1818488178672140288 |
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| author | Cristina Álvarez Jesus L Romalde |
| author_facet | Cristina Álvarez Jesus L Romalde |
| author_sort | Cristina Álvarez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | From a virological standpoint, shellfish safety continues to be a sanitary challenge. Bivalves are one of the most common vehicles of viral illness and the adoption of viral standards into European Union legislation is being considered. In this study, a 18-months survey were conducted in ten harvesting areas from two estuaries in Galicia (NW of Spain), the most important bivalve production area in Europe. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and human norovirus (NoV), including genogroups I (GI) and II (GII) were quantified by reverse transcription-real time PCR (RT-qPCR), according to the recently developed standard method ISO/TS 15216:2013. Four bivalve species were studied, including wild and cultured mussels (<i>Mytilus galloprovincialis</i>), clams (<i>Venerupis philippinarum</i> and <i>V. decussata</i>) and cockles (<i>Cerastoderma edule</i>). Overall, 54.8% of the analysed samples were contaminated by at least one of the studied viruses, being detected the simultaneous presence of two or three viruses in 11.3% of the samples. NoV GI was the most prevalent virus (32.1%) followed by NoV GII (25.6%) and HAV (9.5%). The results showed the presence of viral contamination throughout the year in both areas and all species of molluscs. However, diverse patterns of prevalence and seasonality were observed among different viruses. HAV was detected only between March and June 2012. NoV GI was detected intermittently throughout the study period, with significant peaks in the spring and summer of 2011. NoV GII showed a clear seasonality to during the cold months by 2011; however, a significant peak was detected in the spring of 2012. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T16:47:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e75d50b2b9a2418e9c47cf57e8efa113 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T16:47:45Z |
| publishDate | 2014-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-e75d50b2b9a2418e9c47cf57e8efa1132022-12-22T01:41:00ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452014-06-01110.3389/conf.fmars.2014.02.0017097786Prevalence of Calicivirus and Hepatitis A virus in bivalve molluscs from GaliciaCristina Álvarez0Jesus L Romalde1INSTITUTO TECNOLÓXICO PARA O CONTROL DO MEDIO MARIÑO DE GALICIAUniversidad de Santiago de CompostelaFrom a virological standpoint, shellfish safety continues to be a sanitary challenge. Bivalves are one of the most common vehicles of viral illness and the adoption of viral standards into European Union legislation is being considered. In this study, a 18-months survey were conducted in ten harvesting areas from two estuaries in Galicia (NW of Spain), the most important bivalve production area in Europe. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and human norovirus (NoV), including genogroups I (GI) and II (GII) were quantified by reverse transcription-real time PCR (RT-qPCR), according to the recently developed standard method ISO/TS 15216:2013. Four bivalve species were studied, including wild and cultured mussels (<i>Mytilus galloprovincialis</i>), clams (<i>Venerupis philippinarum</i> and <i>V. decussata</i>) and cockles (<i>Cerastoderma edule</i>). Overall, 54.8% of the analysed samples were contaminated by at least one of the studied viruses, being detected the simultaneous presence of two or three viruses in 11.3% of the samples. NoV GI was the most prevalent virus (32.1%) followed by NoV GII (25.6%) and HAV (9.5%). The results showed the presence of viral contamination throughout the year in both areas and all species of molluscs. However, diverse patterns of prevalence and seasonality were observed among different viruses. HAV was detected only between March and June 2012. NoV GI was detected intermittently throughout the study period, with significant peaks in the spring and summer of 2011. NoV GII showed a clear seasonality to during the cold months by 2011; however, a significant peak was detected in the spring of 2012.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/conf.fmars.2014.02.00170/fullHepatitis A virusNorovirusPrevalencemolluscsRT-qPCR |
| spellingShingle | Cristina Álvarez Jesus L Romalde Prevalence of Calicivirus and Hepatitis A virus in bivalve molluscs from Galicia Frontiers in Marine Science Hepatitis A virus Norovirus Prevalence molluscs RT-qPCR |
| title | Prevalence of Calicivirus and Hepatitis A virus in bivalve molluscs from Galicia |
| title_full | Prevalence of Calicivirus and Hepatitis A virus in bivalve molluscs from Galicia |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Calicivirus and Hepatitis A virus in bivalve molluscs from Galicia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Calicivirus and Hepatitis A virus in bivalve molluscs from Galicia |
| title_short | Prevalence of Calicivirus and Hepatitis A virus in bivalve molluscs from Galicia |
| title_sort | prevalence of calicivirus and hepatitis a virus in bivalve molluscs from galicia |
| topic | Hepatitis A virus Norovirus Prevalence molluscs RT-qPCR |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/conf.fmars.2014.02.00170/full |
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