A glial perspective on the extracellular matrix and perineuronal net remodeling in the central nervous system
A structural scaffold embedding brain cells and vasculature is known as extracellular matrix (ECM). The physical appearance of ECM in the central nervous system (CNS) ranges from a diffused, homogeneous, amorphous, and nearly omnipresent matrix to highly organized distinct morphologies such as basem...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2022.1022754/full |
| _version_ | 1797985864099299328 |
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| author | Bhanu P. Tewari Lata Chaunsali Courtney E. Prim Harald Sontheimer |
| author_facet | Bhanu P. Tewari Lata Chaunsali Courtney E. Prim Harald Sontheimer |
| author_sort | Bhanu P. Tewari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A structural scaffold embedding brain cells and vasculature is known as extracellular matrix (ECM). The physical appearance of ECM in the central nervous system (CNS) ranges from a diffused, homogeneous, amorphous, and nearly omnipresent matrix to highly organized distinct morphologies such as basement membranes and perineuronal nets (PNNs). ECM changes its composition and organization during development, adulthood, aging, and in several CNS pathologies. This spatiotemporal dynamic nature of the ECM and PNNs brings a unique versatility to their functions spanning from neurogenesis, cell migration and differentiation, axonal growth, and pathfinding cues, etc., in the developing brain, to stabilizing synapses, neuromodulation, and being an active partner of tetrapartite synapses in the adult brain. The malleability of ECM and PNNs is governed by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Glial cells are among the major extrinsic factors that facilitate the remodeling of ECM and PNN, thereby acting as key regulators of diverse functions of ECM and PNN in health and diseases. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of PNNs and how glial cells are central to ECM and PNN remodeling in normal and pathological states of the CNS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T07:23:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e76f982ee9c4474f8618ac7b97a6ce7b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5102 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T07:23:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-e76f982ee9c4474f8618ac7b97a6ce7b2022-12-22T04:37:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience1662-51022022-10-011610.3389/fncel.2022.10227541022754A glial perspective on the extracellular matrix and perineuronal net remodeling in the central nervous systemBhanu P. TewariLata ChaunsaliCourtney E. PrimHarald SontheimerA structural scaffold embedding brain cells and vasculature is known as extracellular matrix (ECM). The physical appearance of ECM in the central nervous system (CNS) ranges from a diffused, homogeneous, amorphous, and nearly omnipresent matrix to highly organized distinct morphologies such as basement membranes and perineuronal nets (PNNs). ECM changes its composition and organization during development, adulthood, aging, and in several CNS pathologies. This spatiotemporal dynamic nature of the ECM and PNNs brings a unique versatility to their functions spanning from neurogenesis, cell migration and differentiation, axonal growth, and pathfinding cues, etc., in the developing brain, to stabilizing synapses, neuromodulation, and being an active partner of tetrapartite synapses in the adult brain. The malleability of ECM and PNNs is governed by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Glial cells are among the major extrinsic factors that facilitate the remodeling of ECM and PNN, thereby acting as key regulators of diverse functions of ECM and PNN in health and diseases. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of PNNs and how glial cells are central to ECM and PNN remodeling in normal and pathological states of the CNS.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2022.1022754/fullperineuronal nets (PNNs)astrocytesextracellular matrix (ECM)microgliaPV neuronsmatrix metalloproteinases |
| spellingShingle | Bhanu P. Tewari Lata Chaunsali Courtney E. Prim Harald Sontheimer A glial perspective on the extracellular matrix and perineuronal net remodeling in the central nervous system Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience perineuronal nets (PNNs) astrocytes extracellular matrix (ECM) microglia PV neurons matrix metalloproteinases |
| title | A glial perspective on the extracellular matrix and perineuronal net remodeling in the central nervous system |
| title_full | A glial perspective on the extracellular matrix and perineuronal net remodeling in the central nervous system |
| title_fullStr | A glial perspective on the extracellular matrix and perineuronal net remodeling in the central nervous system |
| title_full_unstemmed | A glial perspective on the extracellular matrix and perineuronal net remodeling in the central nervous system |
| title_short | A glial perspective on the extracellular matrix and perineuronal net remodeling in the central nervous system |
| title_sort | glial perspective on the extracellular matrix and perineuronal net remodeling in the central nervous system |
| topic | perineuronal nets (PNNs) astrocytes extracellular matrix (ECM) microglia PV neurons matrix metalloproteinases |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2022.1022754/full |
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