A fully-printed electrochemical platform for assisted colorimetric detection of phosphate in saliva: Greenness and whiteness quantification by the AGREE and RGB tools
Herein, we report the environmental impact quantification of a newly developed fully printed electrochemical device to assist a colorimetric detection of phosphate in saliva. The evaluation of the analytical procedure was performed according to the principles of Green Analytical Chemistry and White...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Green Analytical Chemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772577422000064 |
| _version_ | 1797347093509046272 |
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| author | Vincenzo Mazzaracchio Alessandro Sassolini Kalyan Y. Mitra Dana Mitra Goran M. Stojanović Andreas Willert Enrico Sowade Reinhard R. Baumann Ralf Zichner Danila Moscone Fabiana Arduini |
| author_facet | Vincenzo Mazzaracchio Alessandro Sassolini Kalyan Y. Mitra Dana Mitra Goran M. Stojanović Andreas Willert Enrico Sowade Reinhard R. Baumann Ralf Zichner Danila Moscone Fabiana Arduini |
| author_sort | Vincenzo Mazzaracchio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herein, we report the environmental impact quantification of a newly developed fully printed electrochemical device to assist a colorimetric detection of phosphate in saliva. The evaluation of the analytical procedure was performed according to the principles of Green Analytical Chemistry and White Analytical Chemistry. The standard method for phosphate detection relies on a reaction between phosphate and molybdate in presence of antimony potassium tartrate and ascorbic acid, using strong acid conditions and high volumes of reagents (100–500 mL). To deliver an eco-friendly method, we have combined a screen-printed electrode with a liquid electrolyte battery and inkjet-printed conductive paths to develop a fully printed device on a flexible polymer substrate avoiding the use of ascorbic acid and using a small amount of reagents. The printed sensor was first developed and optimized for phosphate detection in saliva, allowing for a detection limit equal to 26 µM and satisfactory repeatability (relative standard deviation value of 7.5%). Finally, the AGREE and the RGB assessment tools were applied for a quantitative evaluation of the proposed sensor and reference method, in agreement with the Green Analytical and White Analytical principles. The results demonstrated the lower environmental impact of the proposed sensor, as well as the suitability of this novel approach for phosphate detection in saliva. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:41:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e7743b5ddd3a4fa582fe752c8027864d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2772-5774 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:41:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Green Analytical Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-e7743b5ddd3a4fa582fe752c8027864d2024-01-25T05:24:08ZengElsevierGreen Analytical Chemistry2772-57742022-04-011100006A fully-printed electrochemical platform for assisted colorimetric detection of phosphate in saliva: Greenness and whiteness quantification by the AGREE and RGB toolsVincenzo Mazzaracchio0Alessandro Sassolini1Kalyan Y. Mitra2Dana Mitra3Goran M. Stojanović4Andreas Willert5Enrico Sowade6Reinhard R. Baumann7Ralf Zichner8Danila Moscone9Fabiana Arduini10Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Tor Vergata University, Rome 00133, Italy; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, JapanARPA Lazio, Via Salaria per L'Aquila 6-8, Rieti 02100, ItalyDepartment Printed Functionalities, Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems ENAS, Chemnitz 09126, Germany; Institute for Print and Media Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09126, GermanyDepartment Printed Functionalities, Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems ENAS, Chemnitz 09126, Germany; Institute for Print and Media Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09126, GermanyFaculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, SerbiaDepartment Printed Functionalities, Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems ENAS, Chemnitz 09126, GermanyInstitute for Print and Media Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09126, Germany; Textile Auxiliaries Division, Zschimmer and Schwarz Mohsdorf GmbH & Co.KG, Burgstädt 09217, GermanyDepartment Printed Functionalities, Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems ENAS, Chemnitz 09126, Germany; Institute for Print and Media Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09126, GermanyDepartment Printed Functionalities, Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems ENAS, Chemnitz 09126, GermanyDepartment of Chemical Science and Technologies, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Tor Vergata University, Rome 00133, ItalyDepartment of Chemical Science and Technologies, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Tor Vergata University, Rome 00133, Italy; SENSE4MED, via Bitonto 139, Rome 00133, Italy; Corresponding author at: Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Tor Vergata University, Rome 00133, Italy.Herein, we report the environmental impact quantification of a newly developed fully printed electrochemical device to assist a colorimetric detection of phosphate in saliva. The evaluation of the analytical procedure was performed according to the principles of Green Analytical Chemistry and White Analytical Chemistry. The standard method for phosphate detection relies on a reaction between phosphate and molybdate in presence of antimony potassium tartrate and ascorbic acid, using strong acid conditions and high volumes of reagents (100–500 mL). To deliver an eco-friendly method, we have combined a screen-printed electrode with a liquid electrolyte battery and inkjet-printed conductive paths to develop a fully printed device on a flexible polymer substrate avoiding the use of ascorbic acid and using a small amount of reagents. The printed sensor was first developed and optimized for phosphate detection in saliva, allowing for a detection limit equal to 26 µM and satisfactory repeatability (relative standard deviation value of 7.5%). Finally, the AGREE and the RGB assessment tools were applied for a quantitative evaluation of the proposed sensor and reference method, in agreement with the Green Analytical and White Analytical principles. The results demonstrated the lower environmental impact of the proposed sensor, as well as the suitability of this novel approach for phosphate detection in saliva.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772577422000064Printed batteryScreen-printed electrodesMicroplate readerGreen analytical chemistryWhite analytical chemistryAssessment tool |
| spellingShingle | Vincenzo Mazzaracchio Alessandro Sassolini Kalyan Y. Mitra Dana Mitra Goran M. Stojanović Andreas Willert Enrico Sowade Reinhard R. Baumann Ralf Zichner Danila Moscone Fabiana Arduini A fully-printed electrochemical platform for assisted colorimetric detection of phosphate in saliva: Greenness and whiteness quantification by the AGREE and RGB tools Green Analytical Chemistry Printed battery Screen-printed electrodes Microplate reader Green analytical chemistry White analytical chemistry Assessment tool |
| title | A fully-printed electrochemical platform for assisted colorimetric detection of phosphate in saliva: Greenness and whiteness quantification by the AGREE and RGB tools |
| title_full | A fully-printed electrochemical platform for assisted colorimetric detection of phosphate in saliva: Greenness and whiteness quantification by the AGREE and RGB tools |
| title_fullStr | A fully-printed electrochemical platform for assisted colorimetric detection of phosphate in saliva: Greenness and whiteness quantification by the AGREE and RGB tools |
| title_full_unstemmed | A fully-printed electrochemical platform for assisted colorimetric detection of phosphate in saliva: Greenness and whiteness quantification by the AGREE and RGB tools |
| title_short | A fully-printed electrochemical platform for assisted colorimetric detection of phosphate in saliva: Greenness and whiteness quantification by the AGREE and RGB tools |
| title_sort | fully printed electrochemical platform for assisted colorimetric detection of phosphate in saliva greenness and whiteness quantification by the agree and rgb tools |
| topic | Printed battery Screen-printed electrodes Microplate reader Green analytical chemistry White analytical chemistry Assessment tool |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772577422000064 |
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