Analysis of the Impact of Selected Vitamins Deficiencies on the Risk of Disability in Older People
Vitamin deficiencies have a serious impact on healthy aging in older people. Many age-related disorders have a direct or indirect impact on nutrition, both in terms of nutrient assimilation and food access, which may result in vitamin deficiencies and may lead to or worsen disabilities. Frailty is c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/9/3163 |
| _version_ | 1797517762247000064 |
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| author | Wassim Gana Arnaud De Luca Camille Debacq Fanny Poitau Pierre Poupin Amal Aidoud Bertrand Fougère |
| author_facet | Wassim Gana Arnaud De Luca Camille Debacq Fanny Poitau Pierre Poupin Amal Aidoud Bertrand Fougère |
| author_sort | Wassim Gana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vitamin deficiencies have a serious impact on healthy aging in older people. Many age-related disorders have a direct or indirect impact on nutrition, both in terms of nutrient assimilation and food access, which may result in vitamin deficiencies and may lead to or worsen disabilities. Frailty is characterized by reduced functional abilities, with a key role of malnutrition in its pathogenesis. Aging is associated with various changes in body composition that lead to sarcopenia. Frailty, aging, and sarcopenia all favor malnutrition, and poor nutritional status is a major cause of geriatric morbidity and mortality. In the present narrative review, we focused on vitamins with a significant risk of deficiency in high-income countries: D, C, and B (B6/B9/B12). We also focused on vitamin E as the main lipophilic antioxidant, synergistic to vitamin C. We first discuss the role and needs of these vitamins, the prevalence of deficiencies, and their causes and consequences. We then look at how these vitamins are involved in the biological pathways associated with sarcopenia and frailty. Lastly, we discuss the critical early diagnosis and management of these deficiencies and summarize potential ways of screening malnutrition. A focused nutritional approach might improve the diagnosis of nutritional deficiencies and the initiation of appropriate clinical interventions for reducing the risk of frailty. Further comprehensive research programs on nutritional interventions are needed, with a view to lowering deficiencies in older people and thus decreasing the risk of frailty and sarcopenia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:20:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e7750806a1a940999311166bd3acd712 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:20:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-e7750806a1a940999311166bd3acd7122023-11-22T14:38:23ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-09-01139316310.3390/nu13093163Analysis of the Impact of Selected Vitamins Deficiencies on the Risk of Disability in Older PeopleWassim Gana0Arnaud De Luca1Camille Debacq2Fanny Poitau3Pierre Poupin4Amal Aidoud5Bertrand Fougère6Division of Geriatric Medicine, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, FranceNutrition Mobile Unit, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, FranceGeriatrics Mobile Units, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, FranceDivision of Geriatric Medicine, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, FranceGeriatrics Mobile Units, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, FranceDivision of Geriatric Medicine, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, FranceDivision of Geriatric Medicine, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, FranceVitamin deficiencies have a serious impact on healthy aging in older people. Many age-related disorders have a direct or indirect impact on nutrition, both in terms of nutrient assimilation and food access, which may result in vitamin deficiencies and may lead to or worsen disabilities. Frailty is characterized by reduced functional abilities, with a key role of malnutrition in its pathogenesis. Aging is associated with various changes in body composition that lead to sarcopenia. Frailty, aging, and sarcopenia all favor malnutrition, and poor nutritional status is a major cause of geriatric morbidity and mortality. In the present narrative review, we focused on vitamins with a significant risk of deficiency in high-income countries: D, C, and B (B6/B9/B12). We also focused on vitamin E as the main lipophilic antioxidant, synergistic to vitamin C. We first discuss the role and needs of these vitamins, the prevalence of deficiencies, and their causes and consequences. We then look at how these vitamins are involved in the biological pathways associated with sarcopenia and frailty. Lastly, we discuss the critical early diagnosis and management of these deficiencies and summarize potential ways of screening malnutrition. A focused nutritional approach might improve the diagnosis of nutritional deficiencies and the initiation of appropriate clinical interventions for reducing the risk of frailty. Further comprehensive research programs on nutritional interventions are needed, with a view to lowering deficiencies in older people and thus decreasing the risk of frailty and sarcopenia.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/9/3163malnutritionmicronutrientsvitaminsdisabilityfrailtysarcopenia |
| spellingShingle | Wassim Gana Arnaud De Luca Camille Debacq Fanny Poitau Pierre Poupin Amal Aidoud Bertrand Fougère Analysis of the Impact of Selected Vitamins Deficiencies on the Risk of Disability in Older People Nutrients malnutrition micronutrients vitamins disability frailty sarcopenia |
| title | Analysis of the Impact of Selected Vitamins Deficiencies on the Risk of Disability in Older People |
| title_full | Analysis of the Impact of Selected Vitamins Deficiencies on the Risk of Disability in Older People |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of the Impact of Selected Vitamins Deficiencies on the Risk of Disability in Older People |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of the Impact of Selected Vitamins Deficiencies on the Risk of Disability in Older People |
| title_short | Analysis of the Impact of Selected Vitamins Deficiencies on the Risk of Disability in Older People |
| title_sort | analysis of the impact of selected vitamins deficiencies on the risk of disability in older people |
| topic | malnutrition micronutrients vitamins disability frailty sarcopenia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/9/3163 |
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