Longitudinal retrospective study on the effect of season on milk production and composition in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
This longitudinal retrospective study evaluated production and composition of milk from dairy cows according to season on a rural property in Palmeira das Missões, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, between January 2009 and December 2016. Milk yield per hectare per month was the primary variable measured, a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universidade Estadual de Londrina
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Semina: Ciências Agrárias |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/37641 |
| _version_ | 1797944521848258560 |
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| author | Sirineu José Sicheski Ione Maria Pereira Haygert-Velho Marcos André Piuco Marcos Busanello Júlia Laize Bandeira Calgaro Paulo Sérgio Gois Almeida Jardel Menegazzi da Conceição João Pedro Velho |
| author_facet | Sirineu José Sicheski Ione Maria Pereira Haygert-Velho Marcos André Piuco Marcos Busanello Júlia Laize Bandeira Calgaro Paulo Sérgio Gois Almeida Jardel Menegazzi da Conceição João Pedro Velho |
| author_sort | Sirineu José Sicheski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This longitudinal retrospective study evaluated production and composition of milk from dairy cows according to season on a rural property in Palmeira das Missões, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, between January 2009 and December 2016. Milk yield per hectare per month was the primary variable measured, along with chemical composition (total dry extract, defatted dry extract, fat, protein, and lactose), somatic cell count, and total bacterial count of milk. Production in summer (513.53 kg/ha/month) did not differ (p > 0.05) from that in fall (504.69 kg/ha/month) or spring (564.63 kg/ha/month), but production in winter (639.20 kg/ha/month) was significantly higher than in summer (p < 0.0057). The real price of milk did not differ (p > 0.05) among seasons. The total dry extract content differed (p < 0.0059) between seasons. However, the cooler fall and winter seasons favored the production of total solids. The defatted dry extract content was higher (p < 0.0001) in winter (8.65%), compared to the other seasons of the year. Fat content did not differ (p > 0.05) among seasons. Protein content differed (p < 0.0200) between summer (3.01%) and winter (3.16%), but both seasons did not differ (p > 0.05) from fall (3.13%) or spring (3.05%). Winter lactose levels (4.52%) were higher (p < 0.0011) than during other seasons. The somatic cell count did not differ (p > 0.05) among seasons, demonstrating that the evaluated herd possesses standard mammary gland health. The total bacterial count did not differ (p > 0.05) among the seasons, demonstrating that the hygiene of the facilities remains constant. As expected, the temperature and humidity index varied (p < 0.0001) with the seasons, and the deleterious effects were more pronounced in summer and spring, as they are the hottest seasons in humid subtropical environments. The results emphasize that the organized management of milk production reduces the variation in milk composition, making it easier to maintain a consistent high milk quality and also generating extra revenue. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T20:41:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e7777837dfa646fb984bd6ea6a93dc82 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1676-546X 1679-0359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T20:41:00Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | Universidade Estadual de Londrina |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Semina: Ciências Agrárias |
| spelling | doaj.art-e7777837dfa646fb984bd6ea6a93dc822023-01-24T19:55:57ZengUniversidade Estadual de LondrinaSemina: Ciências Agrárias1676-546X1679-03592020-05-0141410.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n4p1355Longitudinal retrospective study on the effect of season on milk production and composition in Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilSirineu José Sicheski0Ione Maria Pereira Haygert-Velho1Marcos André Piuco2Marcos Busanello3Júlia Laize Bandeira Calgaro4Paulo Sérgio Gois Almeida5Jardel Menegazzi da Conceição6João Pedro Velho7Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaEscola Estadual Técnica Celeste GobbatoUniversidade de São PauloUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaThis longitudinal retrospective study evaluated production and composition of milk from dairy cows according to season on a rural property in Palmeira das Missões, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, between January 2009 and December 2016. Milk yield per hectare per month was the primary variable measured, along with chemical composition (total dry extract, defatted dry extract, fat, protein, and lactose), somatic cell count, and total bacterial count of milk. Production in summer (513.53 kg/ha/month) did not differ (p > 0.05) from that in fall (504.69 kg/ha/month) or spring (564.63 kg/ha/month), but production in winter (639.20 kg/ha/month) was significantly higher than in summer (p < 0.0057). The real price of milk did not differ (p > 0.05) among seasons. The total dry extract content differed (p < 0.0059) between seasons. However, the cooler fall and winter seasons favored the production of total solids. The defatted dry extract content was higher (p < 0.0001) in winter (8.65%), compared to the other seasons of the year. Fat content did not differ (p > 0.05) among seasons. Protein content differed (p < 0.0200) between summer (3.01%) and winter (3.16%), but both seasons did not differ (p > 0.05) from fall (3.13%) or spring (3.05%). Winter lactose levels (4.52%) were higher (p < 0.0011) than during other seasons. The somatic cell count did not differ (p > 0.05) among seasons, demonstrating that the evaluated herd possesses standard mammary gland health. The total bacterial count did not differ (p > 0.05) among the seasons, demonstrating that the hygiene of the facilities remains constant. As expected, the temperature and humidity index varied (p < 0.0001) with the seasons, and the deleterious effects were more pronounced in summer and spring, as they are the hottest seasons in humid subtropical environments. The results emphasize that the organized management of milk production reduces the variation in milk composition, making it easier to maintain a consistent high milk quality and also generating extra revenue.https://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/37641Dairy farmsLactoseMilk pricesProduction systemTemperature-humidity index. |
| spellingShingle | Sirineu José Sicheski Ione Maria Pereira Haygert-Velho Marcos André Piuco Marcos Busanello Júlia Laize Bandeira Calgaro Paulo Sérgio Gois Almeida Jardel Menegazzi da Conceição João Pedro Velho Longitudinal retrospective study on the effect of season on milk production and composition in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Semina: Ciências Agrárias Dairy farms Lactose Milk prices Production system Temperature-humidity index. |
| title | Longitudinal retrospective study on the effect of season on milk production and composition in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil |
| title_full | Longitudinal retrospective study on the effect of season on milk production and composition in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil |
| title_fullStr | Longitudinal retrospective study on the effect of season on milk production and composition in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Longitudinal retrospective study on the effect of season on milk production and composition in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil |
| title_short | Longitudinal retrospective study on the effect of season on milk production and composition in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil |
| title_sort | longitudinal retrospective study on the effect of season on milk production and composition in rio grande do sul brazil |
| topic | Dairy farms Lactose Milk prices Production system Temperature-humidity index. |
| url | https://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/37641 |
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