Agricultural Water Footprints and Productivity in the Colorado River Basin
The Colorado River provides water to 40 million people in the U.S. Southwest, with river basin spanning 250,000 square miles (647,497 km<sup>2</sup>). Quantitative water rights assigned to U.S. states, Mexico, and tribes in the Colorado Basin exceed annual streamflows. Climate change is...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Hydrology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5338/11/1/5 |
| _version_ | 1827371989249032192 |
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| author | George B. Frisvold Dari Duval |
| author_facet | George B. Frisvold Dari Duval |
| author_sort | George B. Frisvold |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Colorado River provides water to 40 million people in the U.S. Southwest, with river basin spanning 250,000 square miles (647,497 km<sup>2</sup>). Quantitative water rights assigned to U.S. states, Mexico, and tribes in the Colorado Basin exceed annual streamflows. Climate change is expected to limit streamflows further. To balance water demands with supplies, unprecedented water-use cutbacks have been proposed, primarily for agriculture, which consumes more than 60% of the Basin’s water. This study develops county-level, Basin-wide measures of agricultural economic water productivity, water footprints, and irrigation cash rent premiums, to inform conservation programs and compensation schemes. These measures identify areas where conservation costs in terms of foregone crop production or farm income are high or low. Crop sales averaged USD 814 per acre foot (AF) (USD 0.66/m<sup>3</sup>) of water consumed in the Lower Basin and 131 USD/AF (USD 0.11/m<sup>3</sup>) in the Upper Basin. Crop sales minus crop-specific input costs averaged 485 USD/AF (USD 0.39/m<sup>3</sup>) in the Lower Basin and 93 USD/AF (USD 0.08 per m<sup>3</sup>) in the Upper Basin. The blue water footprint (BWF) was 1.2 AF/USD 1K (1480 m<sup>3</sup>/USD1K) of water per thousand dollars of crop sales in the Lower Basin and 7.6 AF/USD 1K (9374 m<sup>3</sup>/USD1K) in the Upper Basin. Counties with higher water consumption per acre have a lower BWF. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:49:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e783897d2b6d499ea211534314088858 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-5338 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:49:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Hydrology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e783897d2b6d499ea2115343140888582024-01-26T16:50:03ZengMDPI AGHydrology2306-53382023-12-01111510.3390/hydrology11010005Agricultural Water Footprints and Productivity in the Colorado River BasinGeorge B. Frisvold0Dari Duval1Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USADepartment of Agricultural & Resource Economics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAThe Colorado River provides water to 40 million people in the U.S. Southwest, with river basin spanning 250,000 square miles (647,497 km<sup>2</sup>). Quantitative water rights assigned to U.S. states, Mexico, and tribes in the Colorado Basin exceed annual streamflows. Climate change is expected to limit streamflows further. To balance water demands with supplies, unprecedented water-use cutbacks have been proposed, primarily for agriculture, which consumes more than 60% of the Basin’s water. This study develops county-level, Basin-wide measures of agricultural economic water productivity, water footprints, and irrigation cash rent premiums, to inform conservation programs and compensation schemes. These measures identify areas where conservation costs in terms of foregone crop production or farm income are high or low. Crop sales averaged USD 814 per acre foot (AF) (USD 0.66/m<sup>3</sup>) of water consumed in the Lower Basin and 131 USD/AF (USD 0.11/m<sup>3</sup>) in the Upper Basin. Crop sales minus crop-specific input costs averaged 485 USD/AF (USD 0.39/m<sup>3</sup>) in the Lower Basin and 93 USD/AF (USD 0.08 per m<sup>3</sup>) in the Upper Basin. The blue water footprint (BWF) was 1.2 AF/USD 1K (1480 m<sup>3</sup>/USD1K) of water per thousand dollars of crop sales in the Lower Basin and 7.6 AF/USD 1K (9374 m<sup>3</sup>/USD1K) in the Upper Basin. Counties with higher water consumption per acre have a lower BWF.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5338/11/1/5fallowing and forbearanceeconomic water productivityblue water footprintcash rentsdrought mitigationwater policy |
| spellingShingle | George B. Frisvold Dari Duval Agricultural Water Footprints and Productivity in the Colorado River Basin Hydrology fallowing and forbearance economic water productivity blue water footprint cash rents drought mitigation water policy |
| title | Agricultural Water Footprints and Productivity in the Colorado River Basin |
| title_full | Agricultural Water Footprints and Productivity in the Colorado River Basin |
| title_fullStr | Agricultural Water Footprints and Productivity in the Colorado River Basin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Agricultural Water Footprints and Productivity in the Colorado River Basin |
| title_short | Agricultural Water Footprints and Productivity in the Colorado River Basin |
| title_sort | agricultural water footprints and productivity in the colorado river basin |
| topic | fallowing and forbearance economic water productivity blue water footprint cash rents drought mitigation water policy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5338/11/1/5 |
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