UNBIASED ESTIMATION OF NORWAY SPRUCE (PICEA ABIES L. KARST.) CHLOROPLAST STRUCTURE: HETEROGENEITY WITHIN NEEDLE MESOPHYLL UNDER DIFFERENT IRRADIANCE AND [CO2]
The main objective of this study was to find out whether the selected chloroplast characteristics measured in the mesophyll layer nearest to the needle surface (i.e., the first mesophyll layer) could be representative for the whole needle cross section. Two chloroplast sampling approaches were appli...
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| Language: | English |
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Slovenian Society for Stereology and Quantitative Image Analysis
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Image Analysis and Stereology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ias-iss.org/ojs/IAS/article/view/2005 |
| _version_ | 1818548410191446016 |
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| author | Zuzana Kubínová Natália Glanc Barbora Radochová Zuzana Lhotáková Jiří Janáček Lucie Kubínová Jana Albrechtova |
| author_facet | Zuzana Kubínová Natália Glanc Barbora Radochová Zuzana Lhotáková Jiří Janáček Lucie Kubínová Jana Albrechtova |
| author_sort | Zuzana Kubínová |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The main objective of this study was to find out whether the selected chloroplast characteristics measured in the mesophyll layer nearest to the needle surface (i.e., the first mesophyll layer) could be representative for the whole needle cross section. Two chloroplast sampling approaches were applied on Norway spruce needles during the investigation of the effects of different levels of air CO2 concentration and irradiance: (i) sampling only from the first mesophyll layer, and (ii) systematic uniform random (SUR) sampling. The selected characteristics were: (i) chloroplast area, (ii) starch grain area, and (iii) starch areal density on median chloroplast cross sections, and (iv) chloroplast number per unit of needle volume. It was shown that the first mesophyll layer was not representative for estimating all evaluated characteristics except the chloroplast area. Sampling only there caused obtaining slightly biased results, while SUR sampling gave unbiased estimations at the cost of longer measuring time. The major effect of studied factors was in starch areal density and starch grain area, which were larger in sun needles in elevated CO2 concentration in comparison with sun needles in ambient CO2 concentration. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the first layer of mesophyll is not always representative for the needle cross section. If technically feasible, SUR is recommended for analysis of chloroplast ultrastructure. The simplified sampling design can be applied, e.g., for comparisons of many different treatments. However, it should be combined with other approaches to characterize the chloroplast function and the results carefully considered and interpreted. |
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| issn | 1580-3139 1854-5165 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T08:19:32Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | Slovenian Society for Stereology and Quantitative Image Analysis |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Image Analysis and Stereology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e78871fe1784452488515ca6eb6e91192022-12-22T00:31:28ZengSlovenian Society for Stereology and Quantitative Image AnalysisImage Analysis and Stereology1580-31391854-51652019-04-01381839410.5566/ias.20051022UNBIASED ESTIMATION OF NORWAY SPRUCE (PICEA ABIES L. KARST.) CHLOROPLAST STRUCTURE: HETEROGENEITY WITHIN NEEDLE MESOPHYLL UNDER DIFFERENT IRRADIANCE AND [CO2]Zuzana Kubínová0Natália Glanc1Barbora Radochová2Zuzana Lhotáková3Jiří Janáček4Lucie Kubínová5Jana Albrechtova6Charles University, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science PragueCharles University, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science PragueCharles University, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science Prague Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4Charles University, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science PragueDepartment of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4Department of Biomathematics Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Vídeňská 1083 142 20 Prague 4Charles University, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science PragueThe main objective of this study was to find out whether the selected chloroplast characteristics measured in the mesophyll layer nearest to the needle surface (i.e., the first mesophyll layer) could be representative for the whole needle cross section. Two chloroplast sampling approaches were applied on Norway spruce needles during the investigation of the effects of different levels of air CO2 concentration and irradiance: (i) sampling only from the first mesophyll layer, and (ii) systematic uniform random (SUR) sampling. The selected characteristics were: (i) chloroplast area, (ii) starch grain area, and (iii) starch areal density on median chloroplast cross sections, and (iv) chloroplast number per unit of needle volume. It was shown that the first mesophyll layer was not representative for estimating all evaluated characteristics except the chloroplast area. Sampling only there caused obtaining slightly biased results, while SUR sampling gave unbiased estimations at the cost of longer measuring time. The major effect of studied factors was in starch areal density and starch grain area, which were larger in sun needles in elevated CO2 concentration in comparison with sun needles in ambient CO2 concentration. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the first layer of mesophyll is not always representative for the needle cross section. If technically feasible, SUR is recommended for analysis of chloroplast ultrastructure. The simplified sampling design can be applied, e.g., for comparisons of many different treatments. However, it should be combined with other approaches to characterize the chloroplast function and the results carefully considered and interpreted.https://www.ias-iss.org/ojs/IAS/article/view/2005chloroplast numberchloroplast ultrastructureelevated CO2needle anatomystereology |
| spellingShingle | Zuzana Kubínová Natália Glanc Barbora Radochová Zuzana Lhotáková Jiří Janáček Lucie Kubínová Jana Albrechtova UNBIASED ESTIMATION OF NORWAY SPRUCE (PICEA ABIES L. KARST.) CHLOROPLAST STRUCTURE: HETEROGENEITY WITHIN NEEDLE MESOPHYLL UNDER DIFFERENT IRRADIANCE AND [CO2] Image Analysis and Stereology chloroplast number chloroplast ultrastructure elevated CO2 needle anatomy stereology |
| title | UNBIASED ESTIMATION OF NORWAY SPRUCE (PICEA ABIES L. KARST.) CHLOROPLAST STRUCTURE: HETEROGENEITY WITHIN NEEDLE MESOPHYLL UNDER DIFFERENT IRRADIANCE AND [CO2] |
| title_full | UNBIASED ESTIMATION OF NORWAY SPRUCE (PICEA ABIES L. KARST.) CHLOROPLAST STRUCTURE: HETEROGENEITY WITHIN NEEDLE MESOPHYLL UNDER DIFFERENT IRRADIANCE AND [CO2] |
| title_fullStr | UNBIASED ESTIMATION OF NORWAY SPRUCE (PICEA ABIES L. KARST.) CHLOROPLAST STRUCTURE: HETEROGENEITY WITHIN NEEDLE MESOPHYLL UNDER DIFFERENT IRRADIANCE AND [CO2] |
| title_full_unstemmed | UNBIASED ESTIMATION OF NORWAY SPRUCE (PICEA ABIES L. KARST.) CHLOROPLAST STRUCTURE: HETEROGENEITY WITHIN NEEDLE MESOPHYLL UNDER DIFFERENT IRRADIANCE AND [CO2] |
| title_short | UNBIASED ESTIMATION OF NORWAY SPRUCE (PICEA ABIES L. KARST.) CHLOROPLAST STRUCTURE: HETEROGENEITY WITHIN NEEDLE MESOPHYLL UNDER DIFFERENT IRRADIANCE AND [CO2] |
| title_sort | unbiased estimation of norway spruce picea abies l karst chloroplast structure heterogeneity within needle mesophyll under different irradiance and co2 |
| topic | chloroplast number chloroplast ultrastructure elevated CO2 needle anatomy stereology |
| url | https://www.ias-iss.org/ojs/IAS/article/view/2005 |
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