Risk Factors for Fungal Prosthetic Joint Infection
<p class="p p-first" id="__p2"><strong>Background</strong>: Fungal prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are rare and often associated with poor outcome; however, risk factors are not well described.</p><p id="__p3"><strong>Methods</s...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2020-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Bone and Joint Infection |
| Online Access: | https://jbji.copernicus.org/articles/5/76/2020/jbji-5-76-2020.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818444101134057472 |
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| author | T. Riaz T. Riaz A. J. Tande L. L. Steed H. A. Demos C. D. Salgado D. R. Osmon C. E. Marculescu |
| author_facet | T. Riaz T. Riaz A. J. Tande L. L. Steed H. A. Demos C. D. Salgado D. R. Osmon C. E. Marculescu |
| author_sort | T. Riaz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p class="p p-first" id="__p2"><strong>Background</strong>: Fungal prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are rare and often associated with poor outcome; however, risk factors are not well described.</p><p id="__p3"><strong>Methods</strong>: This was a retrospective case control study among all patients with PJIs from 2006-2016 at two major academic centers. Each fungal PJI case was matched 1:1 with a bacterial PJI control by joint (hip, knee, shoulder) and year of diagnosis. We compared demographics, comorbidities, and clinical characteristics between cases and controls using chi square/Fisher's exact or Wilcoxon rank sum test. Independent risk factors were identified with multivariable logistic regression.</p><p id="__p4"><strong>Results</strong>: Forty-one fungal PJIs occurred over the study and 61% were due to <em>Candida albicans</em>. The hip was involved in 51.2% of cases, followed by the knee (46.3%). Compared to bacterial PJI, fungal PJI cases were more likely to have received antibiotics within the previous 3 months (70.7% vs 34%, <em>P</em>=.001), wound drainage lasting >5 days (48% vs 9%, <em>P</em>=.0002), had a lower median CRP (2.95 mg/dl vs 5.99, <em>P</em>=.013) and synovial fluid white blood cell count (13,953 cells/mm<sup>3</sup> vs 33,198, <em>P</em>=.007), and a higher proportion of prior two-stage exchanges (82.9% vs 53.6%, <em>P</em>=.008). After controlling for center, prolonged wound drainage (OR, 7.3; 95% CI, 2.02-26.95) and recent antibiotics (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.2-9.3) were significantly associated with fungal PJI.</p><p class="p p-last" id="__p5"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: In our study,<em> Candida albicans</em> was the most common species in fungal PJIs and prolonged wound drainage and recent antibiotics were independent risk factors. These clinical characteristics may help providers anticipate fungal PJI and adjust management strategies.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T19:10:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e78f95603a6c4882a9ea68c773b21b42 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2206-3552 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T19:10:35Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Bone and Joint Infection |
| spelling | doaj.art-e78f95603a6c4882a9ea68c773b21b422022-12-21T22:50:44ZengCopernicus PublicationsJournal of Bone and Joint Infection2206-35522020-03-015768110.7150/jbji.40402Risk Factors for Fungal Prosthetic Joint InfectionT. Riaz0T. Riaz1A. J. Tande2L. L. Steed3H. A. Demos4C. D. Salgado5D. R. Osmon6C. E. Marculescu7Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina;Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina;Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina;Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina;Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina;<p class="p p-first" id="__p2"><strong>Background</strong>: Fungal prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are rare and often associated with poor outcome; however, risk factors are not well described.</p><p id="__p3"><strong>Methods</strong>: This was a retrospective case control study among all patients with PJIs from 2006-2016 at two major academic centers. Each fungal PJI case was matched 1:1 with a bacterial PJI control by joint (hip, knee, shoulder) and year of diagnosis. We compared demographics, comorbidities, and clinical characteristics between cases and controls using chi square/Fisher's exact or Wilcoxon rank sum test. Independent risk factors were identified with multivariable logistic regression.</p><p id="__p4"><strong>Results</strong>: Forty-one fungal PJIs occurred over the study and 61% were due to <em>Candida albicans</em>. The hip was involved in 51.2% of cases, followed by the knee (46.3%). Compared to bacterial PJI, fungal PJI cases were more likely to have received antibiotics within the previous 3 months (70.7% vs 34%, <em>P</em>=.001), wound drainage lasting >5 days (48% vs 9%, <em>P</em>=.0002), had a lower median CRP (2.95 mg/dl vs 5.99, <em>P</em>=.013) and synovial fluid white blood cell count (13,953 cells/mm<sup>3</sup> vs 33,198, <em>P</em>=.007), and a higher proportion of prior two-stage exchanges (82.9% vs 53.6%, <em>P</em>=.008). After controlling for center, prolonged wound drainage (OR, 7.3; 95% CI, 2.02-26.95) and recent antibiotics (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.2-9.3) were significantly associated with fungal PJI.</p><p class="p p-last" id="__p5"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: In our study,<em> Candida albicans</em> was the most common species in fungal PJIs and prolonged wound drainage and recent antibiotics were independent risk factors. These clinical characteristics may help providers anticipate fungal PJI and adjust management strategies.</p>https://jbji.copernicus.org/articles/5/76/2020/jbji-5-76-2020.pdf |
| spellingShingle | T. Riaz T. Riaz A. J. Tande L. L. Steed H. A. Demos C. D. Salgado D. R. Osmon C. E. Marculescu Risk Factors for Fungal Prosthetic Joint Infection Journal of Bone and Joint Infection |
| title | Risk Factors for Fungal Prosthetic Joint Infection |
| title_full | Risk Factors for Fungal Prosthetic Joint Infection |
| title_fullStr | Risk Factors for Fungal Prosthetic Joint Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk Factors for Fungal Prosthetic Joint Infection |
| title_short | Risk Factors for Fungal Prosthetic Joint Infection |
| title_sort | risk factors for fungal prosthetic joint infection |
| url | https://jbji.copernicus.org/articles/5/76/2020/jbji-5-76-2020.pdf |
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