Sexual Dimorphism in Energy Metabolism of Wistar Rats Using Data Analysis
The prevalence of some chronic diseases, such as cancer or neurodegenerative disorders, differs between sexes. Animal models provide an important tool to adopt potential therapies from preclinical studies to humans. Laboratory rats are the most popular animals in toxicology, neurobehavioral, or canc...
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| author | Andrea Leskanicova Olga Chovancova Marian Babincak Ludmila Verboova Zuzana Benetinova Denisa Macekova Jozef Kostolny Benadik Smajda Terezia Kiskova |
| author_facet | Andrea Leskanicova Olga Chovancova Marian Babincak Ludmila Verboova Zuzana Benetinova Denisa Macekova Jozef Kostolny Benadik Smajda Terezia Kiskova |
| author_sort | Andrea Leskanicova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The prevalence of some chronic diseases, such as cancer or neurodegenerative disorders, differs between sexes. Animal models provide an important tool to adopt potential therapies from preclinical studies to humans. Laboratory rats are the most popular animals in toxicology, neurobehavioral, or cancer research. Our study aimed to reveal the basic differences in blood metabolome (amino acids, biogenic amines, and acylcarnitines) of the adult male (<i>n</i> = 10) and female (<i>n</i> = 10) Wistar rats. Partial least square-discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) and a variance im portance in projection (VIP) score was used to identify the key sex-specific metabolites. All groups of metabolites, as the main markers of energy metabolism, showed a significant sex-dependent pattern. The most important features calculated in PLS-DA according to VIP score were free carnitine (C0), tyrosine (Tyr), and acylcarnitine C5-OH. While aromatic amino acids, such as Tyr and phenylalanine (Phe), were significantly elevated in the blood plasma of males, tryptophan (Trp) was found in higher levels in the blood plasma of females. Besides, significant sex-related changes in urea cycle were found. Our study provides an important insight into sex-specific differences in energy metabolism in rats and indicates that further studies should consider sex as the main aspect in design and data interpretation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:46:11Z |
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| id | doaj.art-e790a76c8fe3492d97561f3a5fb682c6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:46:11Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-e790a76c8fe3492d97561f3a5fb682c62023-11-20T00:51:46ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-05-012510235310.3390/molecules25102353Sexual Dimorphism in Energy Metabolism of Wistar Rats Using Data AnalysisAndrea Leskanicova0Olga Chovancova1Marian Babincak2Ludmila Verboova3Zuzana Benetinova4Denisa Macekova5Jozef Kostolny6Benadik Smajda7Terezia Kiskova8Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 80 Košice, SlovakiaDepartment of Informatics, Faculty of Management Sciences and Informatics, University of Žilina, Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, SlovakiaInstitute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 80 Košice, SlovakiaDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Rastislavova 43, 040 01 Košice, SlovakiaDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Rastislavova 43, 040 01 Košice, SlovakiaDepartment of Informatics, Faculty of Management Sciences and Informatics, University of Žilina, Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, SlovakiaDepartment of Informatics, Faculty of Management Sciences and Informatics, University of Žilina, Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, SlovakiaInstitute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 80 Košice, SlovakiaInstitute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 80 Košice, SlovakiaThe prevalence of some chronic diseases, such as cancer or neurodegenerative disorders, differs between sexes. Animal models provide an important tool to adopt potential therapies from preclinical studies to humans. Laboratory rats are the most popular animals in toxicology, neurobehavioral, or cancer research. Our study aimed to reveal the basic differences in blood metabolome (amino acids, biogenic amines, and acylcarnitines) of the adult male (<i>n</i> = 10) and female (<i>n</i> = 10) Wistar rats. Partial least square-discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) and a variance im portance in projection (VIP) score was used to identify the key sex-specific metabolites. All groups of metabolites, as the main markers of energy metabolism, showed a significant sex-dependent pattern. The most important features calculated in PLS-DA according to VIP score were free carnitine (C0), tyrosine (Tyr), and acylcarnitine C5-OH. While aromatic amino acids, such as Tyr and phenylalanine (Phe), were significantly elevated in the blood plasma of males, tryptophan (Trp) was found in higher levels in the blood plasma of females. Besides, significant sex-related changes in urea cycle were found. Our study provides an important insight into sex-specific differences in energy metabolism in rats and indicates that further studies should consider sex as the main aspect in design and data interpretation.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/10/2353metabolomicsFIA-MS/MS and LC-MS/MSenergy metabolismsexual dimorphismacylcarnitinesamino acids |
| spellingShingle | Andrea Leskanicova Olga Chovancova Marian Babincak Ludmila Verboova Zuzana Benetinova Denisa Macekova Jozef Kostolny Benadik Smajda Terezia Kiskova Sexual Dimorphism in Energy Metabolism of Wistar Rats Using Data Analysis Molecules metabolomics FIA-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS energy metabolism sexual dimorphism acylcarnitines amino acids |
| title | Sexual Dimorphism in Energy Metabolism of Wistar Rats Using Data Analysis |
| title_full | Sexual Dimorphism in Energy Metabolism of Wistar Rats Using Data Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Sexual Dimorphism in Energy Metabolism of Wistar Rats Using Data Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sexual Dimorphism in Energy Metabolism of Wistar Rats Using Data Analysis |
| title_short | Sexual Dimorphism in Energy Metabolism of Wistar Rats Using Data Analysis |
| title_sort | sexual dimorphism in energy metabolism of wistar rats using data analysis |
| topic | metabolomics FIA-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS energy metabolism sexual dimorphism acylcarnitines amino acids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/10/2353 |
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