Evaluation of the Efficacy of Commercial Disinfectants against African Swine Fever Virus
African swine fever (ASF) is an economically important disease due to high morbidity and mortality rates and the ability to affect all ages and breeds of pigs. Biosecurity measures to prevent the spread of the causative agent, African swine fever virus (ASFV), include prescriptive cleaning and disin...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | Pathogens |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/7/855 |
| _version_ | 1827732207845769216 |
|---|---|
| author | Lorraine Frost Matthew Tully Linda Dixon Hayley M. Hicks Jessica Bennett Isobel Stokes Laura Marsella Simon Gubbins Carrie Batten |
| author_facet | Lorraine Frost Matthew Tully Linda Dixon Hayley M. Hicks Jessica Bennett Isobel Stokes Laura Marsella Simon Gubbins Carrie Batten |
| author_sort | Lorraine Frost |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | African swine fever (ASF) is an economically important disease due to high morbidity and mortality rates and the ability to affect all ages and breeds of pigs. Biosecurity measures to prevent the spread of the causative agent, African swine fever virus (ASFV), include prescriptive cleaning and disinfection procedures. The aim of this study was to establish the biocidal effects of twenty-four commercially available disinfectants including oxidizing agents, acids, aldehydes, formic acids, phenol, and mixed-class chemistries against ASFV. The products were prepared according to the manufacturer’s instructions and a suspension assay was performed with ASFV strain, BA71V using Vero cells (African green monkey cells) to test efficacy in reducing ASFV infection of cells. Generally, disinfectants containing formic acid and phenolic compounds, as well as oxidizing agents reduced viral titers of ASFV by over 4 log<sub>10</sub> at temperatures ranging from 4 °C to 20 °C. Hydrogen peroxide, aldehyde, and quaternary ammonium compounds containing disinfectants were cytotoxic, limiting the detection of viral infectivity reductions to less than 4 log<sub>10</sub>. These preliminary results can be used to target research on disinfectants which contain active ingredients with known efficacy against ASFV under conditions recommended for the country where their use will be applied. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:46:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e7a1497dae9d4d3aa7d12bd4377af36d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:46:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-e7a1497dae9d4d3aa7d12bd4377af36d2023-11-18T20:49:56ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-06-0112785510.3390/pathogens12070855Evaluation of the Efficacy of Commercial Disinfectants against African Swine Fever VirusLorraine Frost0Matthew Tully1Linda Dixon2Hayley M. Hicks3Jessica Bennett4Isobel Stokes5Laura Marsella6Simon Gubbins7Carrie Batten8The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UKThe Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UKThe Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UKThe Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UKThe Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UKThe Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UKThe Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UKThe Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UKThe Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UKAfrican swine fever (ASF) is an economically important disease due to high morbidity and mortality rates and the ability to affect all ages and breeds of pigs. Biosecurity measures to prevent the spread of the causative agent, African swine fever virus (ASFV), include prescriptive cleaning and disinfection procedures. The aim of this study was to establish the biocidal effects of twenty-four commercially available disinfectants including oxidizing agents, acids, aldehydes, formic acids, phenol, and mixed-class chemistries against ASFV. The products were prepared according to the manufacturer’s instructions and a suspension assay was performed with ASFV strain, BA71V using Vero cells (African green monkey cells) to test efficacy in reducing ASFV infection of cells. Generally, disinfectants containing formic acid and phenolic compounds, as well as oxidizing agents reduced viral titers of ASFV by over 4 log<sub>10</sub> at temperatures ranging from 4 °C to 20 °C. Hydrogen peroxide, aldehyde, and quaternary ammonium compounds containing disinfectants were cytotoxic, limiting the detection of viral infectivity reductions to less than 4 log<sub>10</sub>. These preliminary results can be used to target research on disinfectants which contain active ingredients with known efficacy against ASFV under conditions recommended for the country where their use will be applied.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/7/855African swine fever virusdisinfectantinactivationcontrol |
| spellingShingle | Lorraine Frost Matthew Tully Linda Dixon Hayley M. Hicks Jessica Bennett Isobel Stokes Laura Marsella Simon Gubbins Carrie Batten Evaluation of the Efficacy of Commercial Disinfectants against African Swine Fever Virus Pathogens African swine fever virus disinfectant inactivation control |
| title | Evaluation of the Efficacy of Commercial Disinfectants against African Swine Fever Virus |
| title_full | Evaluation of the Efficacy of Commercial Disinfectants against African Swine Fever Virus |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the Efficacy of Commercial Disinfectants against African Swine Fever Virus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the Efficacy of Commercial Disinfectants against African Swine Fever Virus |
| title_short | Evaluation of the Efficacy of Commercial Disinfectants against African Swine Fever Virus |
| title_sort | evaluation of the efficacy of commercial disinfectants against african swine fever virus |
| topic | African swine fever virus disinfectant inactivation control |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/7/855 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lorrainefrost evaluationoftheefficacyofcommercialdisinfectantsagainstafricanswinefevervirus AT matthewtully evaluationoftheefficacyofcommercialdisinfectantsagainstafricanswinefevervirus AT lindadixon evaluationoftheefficacyofcommercialdisinfectantsagainstafricanswinefevervirus AT hayleymhicks evaluationoftheefficacyofcommercialdisinfectantsagainstafricanswinefevervirus AT jessicabennett evaluationoftheefficacyofcommercialdisinfectantsagainstafricanswinefevervirus AT isobelstokes evaluationoftheefficacyofcommercialdisinfectantsagainstafricanswinefevervirus AT lauramarsella evaluationoftheefficacyofcommercialdisinfectantsagainstafricanswinefevervirus AT simongubbins evaluationoftheefficacyofcommercialdisinfectantsagainstafricanswinefevervirus AT carriebatten evaluationoftheefficacyofcommercialdisinfectantsagainstafricanswinefevervirus |