Kinematic and Aerodynamic Investigation of the Butterfly in Forward Free Flight for the Butterfly-Inspired Flapping Wing Air Vehicle
To ensure the stability of flight, the butterfly needs to flap its wings and simultaneously move its main body to achieve all kinds of flying motion, such as taking off, hovering, or reverse flight. The high-speed camera is used to record the swing of the abdomen, the movement of the wings, and the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/6/2620 |
| _version_ | 1797541299006472192 |
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| author | Yixin Zhang Xingjian Wang Shaoping Wang Wenhao Huang Qiwang Weng |
| author_facet | Yixin Zhang Xingjian Wang Shaoping Wang Wenhao Huang Qiwang Weng |
| author_sort | Yixin Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To ensure the stability of flight, the butterfly needs to flap its wings and simultaneously move its main body to achieve all kinds of flying motion, such as taking off, hovering, or reverse flight. The high-speed camera is used to record the swing of the abdomen, the movement of the wings, and the pitch angle of the body for butterflies during their free flight; the comprehensive biokinetic observations show that the butterfly’s wings and body are coupled in various flight states. The swing of the abdomen and the flap of the fore wing affect the pitch motion significantly. For theoretical analysis of the butterfly flight, a three-dimensional multi-rigid butterfly model based on real butterfly dimension is established, and the aerodynamic of the butterfly flight is simulated and analyzed via computational fluid dynamics methods to obtain an optimal kinematic model of butterfly forward flight. Moreover, the formation and development of three-dimensional vortex structures in the forward flight are also presented. The detailed structures of vortices and their dynamic behavior show that the wing’s flap and the abdominal swing play a key role in reorienting and correcting the “clap and peel” mechanism, and the force generation mechanisms are evaluated. The research indicates that longitudinal flight performance is mainly related to the kinematic parameters of the wing and body, and it can lead to the development of butterfly-inspired flapping wing air vehicles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:13:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e7a4936880974e22b948a8a24ea02359 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:13:03Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e7a4936880974e22b948a8a24ea023592023-11-21T10:37:52ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-03-01116262010.3390/app11062620Kinematic and Aerodynamic Investigation of the Butterfly in Forward Free Flight for the Butterfly-Inspired Flapping Wing Air VehicleYixin Zhang0Xingjian Wang1Shaoping Wang2Wenhao Huang3Qiwang Weng4School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaTo ensure the stability of flight, the butterfly needs to flap its wings and simultaneously move its main body to achieve all kinds of flying motion, such as taking off, hovering, or reverse flight. The high-speed camera is used to record the swing of the abdomen, the movement of the wings, and the pitch angle of the body for butterflies during their free flight; the comprehensive biokinetic observations show that the butterfly’s wings and body are coupled in various flight states. The swing of the abdomen and the flap of the fore wing affect the pitch motion significantly. For theoretical analysis of the butterfly flight, a three-dimensional multi-rigid butterfly model based on real butterfly dimension is established, and the aerodynamic of the butterfly flight is simulated and analyzed via computational fluid dynamics methods to obtain an optimal kinematic model of butterfly forward flight. Moreover, the formation and development of three-dimensional vortex structures in the forward flight are also presented. The detailed structures of vortices and their dynamic behavior show that the wing’s flap and the abdominal swing play a key role in reorienting and correcting the “clap and peel” mechanism, and the force generation mechanisms are evaluated. The research indicates that longitudinal flight performance is mainly related to the kinematic parameters of the wing and body, and it can lead to the development of butterfly-inspired flapping wing air vehicles.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/6/2620computational fluid dynamicsflapping wingsbutterfly kinematicsforward flight mechanism |
| spellingShingle | Yixin Zhang Xingjian Wang Shaoping Wang Wenhao Huang Qiwang Weng Kinematic and Aerodynamic Investigation of the Butterfly in Forward Free Flight for the Butterfly-Inspired Flapping Wing Air Vehicle Applied Sciences computational fluid dynamics flapping wings butterfly kinematics forward flight mechanism |
| title | Kinematic and Aerodynamic Investigation of the Butterfly in Forward Free Flight for the Butterfly-Inspired Flapping Wing Air Vehicle |
| title_full | Kinematic and Aerodynamic Investigation of the Butterfly in Forward Free Flight for the Butterfly-Inspired Flapping Wing Air Vehicle |
| title_fullStr | Kinematic and Aerodynamic Investigation of the Butterfly in Forward Free Flight for the Butterfly-Inspired Flapping Wing Air Vehicle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kinematic and Aerodynamic Investigation of the Butterfly in Forward Free Flight for the Butterfly-Inspired Flapping Wing Air Vehicle |
| title_short | Kinematic and Aerodynamic Investigation of the Butterfly in Forward Free Flight for the Butterfly-Inspired Flapping Wing Air Vehicle |
| title_sort | kinematic and aerodynamic investigation of the butterfly in forward free flight for the butterfly inspired flapping wing air vehicle |
| topic | computational fluid dynamics flapping wings butterfly kinematics forward flight mechanism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/6/2620 |
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