Heterogeneity Impacts of Farmers’ Participation in Payment for Ecosystem Services Based on the Collective Action Framework
Payments for ecosystem services (PES) are designed to reduce the impact of human activities on eco-sensitive areas. PES programs often adopt economic-incentive and command-control strategies. Increasing the enthusiasm of farmers’ participation is crucial for the sustainability of PES programs and ec...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/11/2007 |
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| author | Yunyun Qi Tianye Zhang Jing Cao Cai Jin Tianyu Chen Yue Su Chong Su Srikanta Sannigrahi Arabinda Maiti Shiqi Tao Qi Zhang Tan Li |
| author_facet | Yunyun Qi Tianye Zhang Jing Cao Cai Jin Tianyu Chen Yue Su Chong Su Srikanta Sannigrahi Arabinda Maiti Shiqi Tao Qi Zhang Tan Li |
| author_sort | Yunyun Qi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Payments for ecosystem services (PES) are designed to reduce the impact of human activities on eco-sensitive areas. PES programs often adopt economic-incentive and command-control strategies. Increasing the enthusiasm of farmers’ participation is crucial for the sustainability of PES programs and ecosystem restoration. The watershed ecological compensation in Xin’an River Basin is the first horizontal ecological compensation pilot in China. In this study, economic-incentive strategy and command-control strategies in living and farming are implemented simultaneously to improve water quality. Under the collective action framework, we analyze the drivers of farmers’ participation in three concurrent strategies using hierarchical linear models (HLM). The results show: (1) Overall, 81.79%, 76.26%, and 79.11% of farmers are willing to participate in economic-incentive strategy, command-control strategy in living, and command-control strategy in farming, respectively, while 18.21%, 23.74%, and 20.89% are from the village level. (2) Among statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.01) factors at the farmer level, social trust (<i>β</i> = 0.305), and social participation (<i>β</i> = 0.134) have positive effects on the economic-incentive strategy; the number of communication and entertainment equipment has a positive effect on the willingness to participate in command-control strategy in living (<i>β</i> = 0.287) and command-control strategy in farming (<i>β</i> = 0.336). (3) At the village level, village characteristics have a direct impact on the farmers’ willingness to participate in strategies. Village woodland area is positively correlated with strategies participation. In addition, village characteristics play a moderating role by influencing farmers’ sustainable livelihood capital. We conclude that different concurrent strategies and collective actions need to be considered in the design of PES programs, particularly in ecologically sensitive areas, which can enrich the theory of collective action and the connotation of PES. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:56:14Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-445X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:56:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Land |
| spelling | doaj.art-e7b0668ad89048ca8bad541bab2900dc2023-11-24T05:29:02ZengMDPI AGLand2073-445X2022-11-011111200710.3390/land11112007Heterogeneity Impacts of Farmers’ Participation in Payment for Ecosystem Services Based on the Collective Action FrameworkYunyun Qi0Tianye Zhang1Jing Cao2Cai Jin3Tianyu Chen4Yue Su5Chong Su6Srikanta Sannigrahi7Arabinda Maiti8Shiqi Tao9Qi Zhang10Tan Li11College of Economics and Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaCollege of Economics and Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaCollege of Economics and Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaCollege of Economics and Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaCollege of Economics and Management, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Economics and Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaInstitute of Agriculture Remote Sensing and Information Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaSchool of Architecture, Planning and Environmental Policy, University College Dublin Richview, Clonskeagh, D14 E099 Dublin, IrelandDepartment of Geography and Environmental Management, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721102, IndiaGraduate School of Geography, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USADepartment of Geography, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USACollege of Economics and Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaPayments for ecosystem services (PES) are designed to reduce the impact of human activities on eco-sensitive areas. PES programs often adopt economic-incentive and command-control strategies. Increasing the enthusiasm of farmers’ participation is crucial for the sustainability of PES programs and ecosystem restoration. The watershed ecological compensation in Xin’an River Basin is the first horizontal ecological compensation pilot in China. In this study, economic-incentive strategy and command-control strategies in living and farming are implemented simultaneously to improve water quality. Under the collective action framework, we analyze the drivers of farmers’ participation in three concurrent strategies using hierarchical linear models (HLM). The results show: (1) Overall, 81.79%, 76.26%, and 79.11% of farmers are willing to participate in economic-incentive strategy, command-control strategy in living, and command-control strategy in farming, respectively, while 18.21%, 23.74%, and 20.89% are from the village level. (2) Among statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.01) factors at the farmer level, social trust (<i>β</i> = 0.305), and social participation (<i>β</i> = 0.134) have positive effects on the economic-incentive strategy; the number of communication and entertainment equipment has a positive effect on the willingness to participate in command-control strategy in living (<i>β</i> = 0.287) and command-control strategy in farming (<i>β</i> = 0.336). (3) At the village level, village characteristics have a direct impact on the farmers’ willingness to participate in strategies. Village woodland area is positively correlated with strategies participation. In addition, village characteristics play a moderating role by influencing farmers’ sustainable livelihood capital. We conclude that different concurrent strategies and collective actions need to be considered in the design of PES programs, particularly in ecologically sensitive areas, which can enrich the theory of collective action and the connotation of PES.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/11/2007collective actionhierarchical linear modelpayment for ecosystem serviceswatershed ecological compensation |
| spellingShingle | Yunyun Qi Tianye Zhang Jing Cao Cai Jin Tianyu Chen Yue Su Chong Su Srikanta Sannigrahi Arabinda Maiti Shiqi Tao Qi Zhang Tan Li Heterogeneity Impacts of Farmers’ Participation in Payment for Ecosystem Services Based on the Collective Action Framework Land collective action hierarchical linear model payment for ecosystem services watershed ecological compensation |
| title | Heterogeneity Impacts of Farmers’ Participation in Payment for Ecosystem Services Based on the Collective Action Framework |
| title_full | Heterogeneity Impacts of Farmers’ Participation in Payment for Ecosystem Services Based on the Collective Action Framework |
| title_fullStr | Heterogeneity Impacts of Farmers’ Participation in Payment for Ecosystem Services Based on the Collective Action Framework |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heterogeneity Impacts of Farmers’ Participation in Payment for Ecosystem Services Based on the Collective Action Framework |
| title_short | Heterogeneity Impacts of Farmers’ Participation in Payment for Ecosystem Services Based on the Collective Action Framework |
| title_sort | heterogeneity impacts of farmers participation in payment for ecosystem services based on the collective action framework |
| topic | collective action hierarchical linear model payment for ecosystem services watershed ecological compensation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/11/2007 |
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