Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses.
Of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses, only influenza A viruses are thought to exist as multiple subtypes and has non-human maintenance hosts. In April 2011, nasal swabs were collected for virus isolation from pigs exhibiting influenza-like illness. Subsequent electron microscopic, biochemical,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2013-02-01
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| Series: | PLoS Pathogens |
| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23408893/pdf/?tool=EBI |
| _version_ | 1818572671606063104 |
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| author | Ben M Hause Mariette Ducatez Emily A Collin Zhiguang Ran Runxia Liu Zizhang Sheng Anibal Armien Bryan Kaplan Suvobrata Chakravarty Adam D Hoppe Richard J Webby Randy R Simonson Feng Li |
| author_facet | Ben M Hause Mariette Ducatez Emily A Collin Zhiguang Ran Runxia Liu Zizhang Sheng Anibal Armien Bryan Kaplan Suvobrata Chakravarty Adam D Hoppe Richard J Webby Randy R Simonson Feng Li |
| author_sort | Ben M Hause |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses, only influenza A viruses are thought to exist as multiple subtypes and has non-human maintenance hosts. In April 2011, nasal swabs were collected for virus isolation from pigs exhibiting influenza-like illness. Subsequent electron microscopic, biochemical, and genetic studies identified an orthomyxovirus with seven RNA segments exhibiting approximately 50% overall amino acid identity to human influenza C virus. Based on its genetic organizational similarities to influenza C viruses this virus has been provisionally designated C/Oklahoma/1334/2011 (C/OK). Phylogenetic analysis of the predicted viral proteins found that the divergence between C/OK and human influenza C viruses was similar to that observed between influenza A and B viruses. No cross reactivity was observed between C/OK and human influenza C viruses using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Additionally, screening of pig and human serum samples found that 9.5% and 1.3%, respectively, of individuals had measurable HI antibody titers to C/OK virus. C/OK virus was able to infect both ferrets and pigs and transmit to naive animals by direct contact. Cell culture studies showed that C/OK virus displayed a broader cellular tropism than a human influenza C virus. The observed difference in cellular tropism was further supported by structural analysis showing that hemagglutinin esterase (HE) proteins between two viruses have conserved enzymatic but divergent receptor-binding sites. These results suggest that C/OK virus represents a new subtype of influenza C viruses that currently circulates in pigs that has not been recognized previously. The presence of multiple subtypes of co-circulating influenza C viruses raises the possibility of reassortment and antigenic shift as mechanisms of influenza C virus evolution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-15T00:00:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e7b81ab8b2b84923ac485fb410681e1c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7366 1553-7374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-15T00:00:44Z |
| publishDate | 2013-02-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-e7b81ab8b2b84923ac485fb410681e1c2022-12-21T22:42:55ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742013-02-0192e100317610.1371/journal.ppat.1003176Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses.Ben M HauseMariette DucatezEmily A CollinZhiguang RanRunxia LiuZizhang ShengAnibal ArmienBryan KaplanSuvobrata ChakravartyAdam D HoppeRichard J WebbyRandy R SimonsonFeng LiOf the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses, only influenza A viruses are thought to exist as multiple subtypes and has non-human maintenance hosts. In April 2011, nasal swabs were collected for virus isolation from pigs exhibiting influenza-like illness. Subsequent electron microscopic, biochemical, and genetic studies identified an orthomyxovirus with seven RNA segments exhibiting approximately 50% overall amino acid identity to human influenza C virus. Based on its genetic organizational similarities to influenza C viruses this virus has been provisionally designated C/Oklahoma/1334/2011 (C/OK). Phylogenetic analysis of the predicted viral proteins found that the divergence between C/OK and human influenza C viruses was similar to that observed between influenza A and B viruses. No cross reactivity was observed between C/OK and human influenza C viruses using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Additionally, screening of pig and human serum samples found that 9.5% and 1.3%, respectively, of individuals had measurable HI antibody titers to C/OK virus. C/OK virus was able to infect both ferrets and pigs and transmit to naive animals by direct contact. Cell culture studies showed that C/OK virus displayed a broader cellular tropism than a human influenza C virus. The observed difference in cellular tropism was further supported by structural analysis showing that hemagglutinin esterase (HE) proteins between two viruses have conserved enzymatic but divergent receptor-binding sites. These results suggest that C/OK virus represents a new subtype of influenza C viruses that currently circulates in pigs that has not been recognized previously. The presence of multiple subtypes of co-circulating influenza C viruses raises the possibility of reassortment and antigenic shift as mechanisms of influenza C virus evolution.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23408893/pdf/?tool=EBI |
| spellingShingle | Ben M Hause Mariette Ducatez Emily A Collin Zhiguang Ran Runxia Liu Zizhang Sheng Anibal Armien Bryan Kaplan Suvobrata Chakravarty Adam D Hoppe Richard J Webby Randy R Simonson Feng Li Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses. PLoS Pathogens |
| title | Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses. |
| title_full | Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses. |
| title_fullStr | Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses. |
| title_short | Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses. |
| title_sort | isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza c viruses |
| url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23408893/pdf/?tool=EBI |
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