Flame Retardancy and Thermal Behavior of Wool Fabric Treated with a Phosphorus-Containing Polycarboxylic Acid
The compound 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTCA) is an eco-friendly water treatment agent possessing flame-retardant phosphorus element and multi-carboxylic acid groups in its molecular structure. In the present work, PBTCA is employed as a finishing agent to improve the flame retarda...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/23/4111 |
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| author | Huaifang Wang Shengnan Guo Chuanjie Zhang Zhichuang Qi Lianfeng Li Ping Zhu |
| author_facet | Huaifang Wang Shengnan Guo Chuanjie Zhang Zhichuang Qi Lianfeng Li Ping Zhu |
| author_sort | Huaifang Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The compound 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTCA) is an eco-friendly water treatment agent possessing flame-retardant phosphorus element and multi-carboxylic acid groups in its molecular structure. In the present work, PBTCA is employed as a finishing agent to improve the flame retardancy of the wool fabrics by the pad-dry-cure technique. The treated wool (10.2% weight gain) by 100 g/L of PBTCA showed an increased flame retardancy with a limiting oxygen index value (LOI) of 44% with a minimum char length of 40 mm. Importantly, the treated wool can self-extinguish after 30 washing cycles. The PBTCA-treated wool exhibited better stability with obviously increased char residue of 39.7% and 28.7% at 600 °C, while only 25.9% and 13.2% were measured for the control wool in nitrogen and air atmosphere, respectively. In addition, the high thermal stability of the treated wool with astonishing char-forming ability is confirmed by the SEM images of the wool after the isothermal heating treatment at different temperatures. Finally, a two-stage flame-retarding mechanism of enhanced crosslinking and char formability of PBTCA-treated wool is proposed and analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) and thermal (DSC and TGA) results of the pyrolytic volatiles of the treated wool. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:47:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e7b9c51cb1f74f8e824acbcadd80a22f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:47:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-e7b9c51cb1f74f8e824acbcadd80a22f2023-11-23T02:53:02ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-11-011323411110.3390/polym13234111Flame Retardancy and Thermal Behavior of Wool Fabric Treated with a Phosphorus-Containing Polycarboxylic AcidHuaifang Wang0Shengnan Guo1Chuanjie Zhang2Zhichuang Qi3Lianfeng Li4Ping Zhu5College of Textile and Clothing, Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, College of Textile and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, ChinaCollege of Textile and Clothing, Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, College of Textile and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, ChinaCollege of Textile and Clothing, Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, College of Textile and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, ChinaCollege of Textile and Clothing, Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, College of Textile and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, ChinaShandong Ruyi Wool Textile Garment Group Co. Ltd., Jining 272073, ChinaCollege of Textile and Clothing, Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, College of Textile and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, ChinaThe compound 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTCA) is an eco-friendly water treatment agent possessing flame-retardant phosphorus element and multi-carboxylic acid groups in its molecular structure. In the present work, PBTCA is employed as a finishing agent to improve the flame retardancy of the wool fabrics by the pad-dry-cure technique. The treated wool (10.2% weight gain) by 100 g/L of PBTCA showed an increased flame retardancy with a limiting oxygen index value (LOI) of 44% with a minimum char length of 40 mm. Importantly, the treated wool can self-extinguish after 30 washing cycles. The PBTCA-treated wool exhibited better stability with obviously increased char residue of 39.7% and 28.7% at 600 °C, while only 25.9% and 13.2% were measured for the control wool in nitrogen and air atmosphere, respectively. In addition, the high thermal stability of the treated wool with astonishing char-forming ability is confirmed by the SEM images of the wool after the isothermal heating treatment at different temperatures. Finally, a two-stage flame-retarding mechanism of enhanced crosslinking and char formability of PBTCA-treated wool is proposed and analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) and thermal (DSC and TGA) results of the pyrolytic volatiles of the treated wool.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/23/4111PBTCAflame retardancythermal stabilitywoolcrosslinkingphosphorus |
| spellingShingle | Huaifang Wang Shengnan Guo Chuanjie Zhang Zhichuang Qi Lianfeng Li Ping Zhu Flame Retardancy and Thermal Behavior of Wool Fabric Treated with a Phosphorus-Containing Polycarboxylic Acid Polymers PBTCA flame retardancy thermal stability wool crosslinking phosphorus |
| title | Flame Retardancy and Thermal Behavior of Wool Fabric Treated with a Phosphorus-Containing Polycarboxylic Acid |
| title_full | Flame Retardancy and Thermal Behavior of Wool Fabric Treated with a Phosphorus-Containing Polycarboxylic Acid |
| title_fullStr | Flame Retardancy and Thermal Behavior of Wool Fabric Treated with a Phosphorus-Containing Polycarboxylic Acid |
| title_full_unstemmed | Flame Retardancy and Thermal Behavior of Wool Fabric Treated with a Phosphorus-Containing Polycarboxylic Acid |
| title_short | Flame Retardancy and Thermal Behavior of Wool Fabric Treated with a Phosphorus-Containing Polycarboxylic Acid |
| title_sort | flame retardancy and thermal behavior of wool fabric treated with a phosphorus containing polycarboxylic acid |
| topic | PBTCA flame retardancy thermal stability wool crosslinking phosphorus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/23/4111 |
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