Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Based on an Epoxy Binder with the Effect of Thermally Induced Self-Repair
The authors have proposed the novel approach for evaluation of the self-healing effect in carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) on micro- and macro samples, using the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and the double-cantilever beam delamination methods, respectively. A modified epoxy resin with a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/11/6557 |
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| author | Tuyara V. Petrova Ilya V. Tretyakov Aleksey V. Kireynov Elena O. Platonova Polina F. Ponomareva Olga V. Alexeeva Vitaliy I. Solodilov Gleb Yu. Yurkov Alexander Al. Berlin |
| author_facet | Tuyara V. Petrova Ilya V. Tretyakov Aleksey V. Kireynov Elena O. Platonova Polina F. Ponomareva Olga V. Alexeeva Vitaliy I. Solodilov Gleb Yu. Yurkov Alexander Al. Berlin |
| author_sort | Tuyara V. Petrova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The authors have proposed the novel approach for evaluation of the self-healing effect in carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) on micro- and macro samples, using the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and the double-cantilever beam delamination methods, respectively. A modified epoxy resin with a self-healing effect was used as the matrix for carbon plastics. The flexural modulus E’ of microsamples with delamination and the specific delamination energy (crack resistance) G<sub>IR</sub> of macrosamples with a given initial crack were chosen as criteria for evaluating the self-healing of carbon plastics. The sensitivity of the E’ and G<sub>IR</sub> parameters to the applied initial crack is shown. The value of the elastic modulus E’ with the initial crack can be reduced up to two times compared to the E’ values for the control materials, depending on the length of the initial crack. The degree of recovery of E’ for CFRP with a microcrack varies from 91 to 118%. A high degree of healing could be achieved in 48 h. The G<sub>IR</sub> value of CFRP samples with a given macroseparation after heat treatment is 7% of the initial G<sub>IR</sub> value (0.7 kJ/m<sup>2</sup>). Recovery of delaminations for microsamples is more efficient than for macrosamples. The study of CFRP cracks by X-ray tomography before and after self-healing showed that the crack “overgrows” during the heat treatment cycle, and the defects (pores) formed during the manufacture of the sample decrease in size. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:12:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e7c8bae204a644518dbe0b9b72b02087 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:12:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e7c8bae204a644518dbe0b9b72b020872023-11-18T07:33:43ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-05-011311655710.3390/app13116557Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Based on an Epoxy Binder with the Effect of Thermally Induced Self-RepairTuyara V. Petrova0Ilya V. Tretyakov1Aleksey V. Kireynov2Elena O. Platonova3Polina F. Ponomareva4Olga V. Alexeeva5Vitaliy I. Solodilov6Gleb Yu. Yurkov7Alexander Al. Berlin8N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaN.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaN.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaIntersectoral Engineering Center “Composites of Russia”, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, RussiaN.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaN.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, RussiaN.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaN.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaN.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaThe authors have proposed the novel approach for evaluation of the self-healing effect in carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) on micro- and macro samples, using the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and the double-cantilever beam delamination methods, respectively. A modified epoxy resin with a self-healing effect was used as the matrix for carbon plastics. The flexural modulus E’ of microsamples with delamination and the specific delamination energy (crack resistance) G<sub>IR</sub> of macrosamples with a given initial crack were chosen as criteria for evaluating the self-healing of carbon plastics. The sensitivity of the E’ and G<sub>IR</sub> parameters to the applied initial crack is shown. The value of the elastic modulus E’ with the initial crack can be reduced up to two times compared to the E’ values for the control materials, depending on the length of the initial crack. The degree of recovery of E’ for CFRP with a microcrack varies from 91 to 118%. A high degree of healing could be achieved in 48 h. The G<sub>IR</sub> value of CFRP samples with a given macroseparation after heat treatment is 7% of the initial G<sub>IR</sub> value (0.7 kJ/m<sup>2</sup>). Recovery of delaminations for microsamples is more efficient than for macrosamples. The study of CFRP cracks by X-ray tomography before and after self-healing showed that the crack “overgrows” during the heat treatment cycle, and the defects (pores) formed during the manufacture of the sample decrease in size.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/11/6557epoxyCFRPDiels-Alder reactionself-repairphysical and mechanical properties |
| spellingShingle | Tuyara V. Petrova Ilya V. Tretyakov Aleksey V. Kireynov Elena O. Platonova Polina F. Ponomareva Olga V. Alexeeva Vitaliy I. Solodilov Gleb Yu. Yurkov Alexander Al. Berlin Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Based on an Epoxy Binder with the Effect of Thermally Induced Self-Repair Applied Sciences epoxy CFRP Diels-Alder reaction self-repair physical and mechanical properties |
| title | Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Based on an Epoxy Binder with the Effect of Thermally Induced Self-Repair |
| title_full | Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Based on an Epoxy Binder with the Effect of Thermally Induced Self-Repair |
| title_fullStr | Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Based on an Epoxy Binder with the Effect of Thermally Induced Self-Repair |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Based on an Epoxy Binder with the Effect of Thermally Induced Self-Repair |
| title_short | Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Based on an Epoxy Binder with the Effect of Thermally Induced Self-Repair |
| title_sort | carbon fiber reinforced plastics based on an epoxy binder with the effect of thermally induced self repair |
| topic | epoxy CFRP Diels-Alder reaction self-repair physical and mechanical properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/11/6557 |
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