Global and Transient Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia on Heart Rate Variability Markers: Evaluation Using an Obstructive Sleep Apnea Model
Intermittent hypoxia (IH) produces autonomic dysfunction that promotes the development of arrhythmia and hypertension in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This paper investigated different heart rate variability (HRV) indices in the context of IH using a rat model for OSA. Linear and non-...
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IEEE
2021-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9330533/ |
| _version_ | 1818351917739278336 |
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| author | Daniel Romero Raimon Jane |
| author_facet | Daniel Romero Raimon Jane |
| author_sort | Daniel Romero |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Intermittent hypoxia (IH) produces autonomic dysfunction that promotes the development of arrhythmia and hypertension in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This paper investigated different heart rate variability (HRV) indices in the context of IH using a rat model for OSA. Linear and non-linear HRV parameters were assessed from ultra-short (15-s segments) and short-term (5 min) analyses of heartbeat time-series. Transient changes observed from pre-apnea segments to hypoxia episodes were evaluated, besides the relative and global impact of IH, as a function of its severity. Results showed an overall increase in ultra-short HRV markers as immediate response to hypoxia: standard deviation of normal RR intervals, SDNN = 1.2 ms (IQR: 1.1-2.1) vs 1.4 ms (IQR: 1.2-2.2), p = 0.015; root mean square of the successive differences, RMSSD = 1.7 ms (IQR: 1.5-2.2) vs 1.9 ms (IQR: 1.6-2.4), p = 0.031. The power in the very low frequency (VLF) band also showed a significant increase: 0.09 ms<sup>2</sup> (IQR: 0.05-0.20) vs 0.16 ms<sup>2</sup> (IQR: 0.12-0.23), p = 0.016, probably associated with the potentiation of the carotid body chemo-sensory response to hypoxia. Moreover, a clear link between severity of IH and short-term HRV measures was found in VLF and LF power, besides their progressive increase seen throughout the experiment after each apnea sequence. However, only those markers quantifying fragmentation levels in RR series were significantly affected when the experiment ended, as compared to baseline measures: percentage of inflection points, PIP = 49% (IQR: 45-51) vs 53% (IQR: 47-53), p = 0.031; percentage of short (geq 3 RR intervals) accelerated/decelerated segments, PSS = 75% (IQR: 51-81) vs 87% (IQR: 51-90), p = 0.046. These findings suggest a significant deterioration of cardiac rhythm with a more erratic behavior beyond the normal sinus arrhythmia, that may lead to a future cardiac condition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T18:45:22Z |
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| id | doaj.art-e7c8c5fa777d4013bb26d89332f98d0c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T18:45:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
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| spelling | doaj.art-e7c8c5fa777d4013bb26d89332f98d0c2022-12-21T23:35:06ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362021-01-019190431905210.1109/ACCESS.2021.30533109330533Global and Transient Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia on Heart Rate Variability Markers: Evaluation Using an Obstructive Sleep Apnea ModelDaniel Romero0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5269-9667Raimon Jane1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6541-8729Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, IBEC-BIST, Barcelona, SpainInstitute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, IBEC-BIST, Barcelona, SpainIntermittent hypoxia (IH) produces autonomic dysfunction that promotes the development of arrhythmia and hypertension in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This paper investigated different heart rate variability (HRV) indices in the context of IH using a rat model for OSA. Linear and non-linear HRV parameters were assessed from ultra-short (15-s segments) and short-term (5 min) analyses of heartbeat time-series. Transient changes observed from pre-apnea segments to hypoxia episodes were evaluated, besides the relative and global impact of IH, as a function of its severity. Results showed an overall increase in ultra-short HRV markers as immediate response to hypoxia: standard deviation of normal RR intervals, SDNN = 1.2 ms (IQR: 1.1-2.1) vs 1.4 ms (IQR: 1.2-2.2), p = 0.015; root mean square of the successive differences, RMSSD = 1.7 ms (IQR: 1.5-2.2) vs 1.9 ms (IQR: 1.6-2.4), p = 0.031. The power in the very low frequency (VLF) band also showed a significant increase: 0.09 ms<sup>2</sup> (IQR: 0.05-0.20) vs 0.16 ms<sup>2</sup> (IQR: 0.12-0.23), p = 0.016, probably associated with the potentiation of the carotid body chemo-sensory response to hypoxia. Moreover, a clear link between severity of IH and short-term HRV measures was found in VLF and LF power, besides their progressive increase seen throughout the experiment after each apnea sequence. However, only those markers quantifying fragmentation levels in RR series were significantly affected when the experiment ended, as compared to baseline measures: percentage of inflection points, PIP = 49% (IQR: 45-51) vs 53% (IQR: 47-53), p = 0.031; percentage of short (geq 3 RR intervals) accelerated/decelerated segments, PSS = 75% (IQR: 51-81) vs 87% (IQR: 51-90), p = 0.046. These findings suggest a significant deterioration of cardiac rhythm with a more erratic behavior beyond the normal sinus arrhythmia, that may lead to a future cardiac condition.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9330533/Intermittent hypoxiaheart rate variabilityobstructive apneashypoxia rat model |
| spellingShingle | Daniel Romero Raimon Jane Global and Transient Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia on Heart Rate Variability Markers: Evaluation Using an Obstructive Sleep Apnea Model IEEE Access Intermittent hypoxia heart rate variability obstructive apneas hypoxia rat model |
| title | Global and Transient Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia on Heart Rate Variability Markers: Evaluation Using an Obstructive Sleep Apnea Model |
| title_full | Global and Transient Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia on Heart Rate Variability Markers: Evaluation Using an Obstructive Sleep Apnea Model |
| title_fullStr | Global and Transient Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia on Heart Rate Variability Markers: Evaluation Using an Obstructive Sleep Apnea Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Global and Transient Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia on Heart Rate Variability Markers: Evaluation Using an Obstructive Sleep Apnea Model |
| title_short | Global and Transient Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia on Heart Rate Variability Markers: Evaluation Using an Obstructive Sleep Apnea Model |
| title_sort | global and transient effects of intermittent hypoxia on heart rate variability markers evaluation using an obstructive sleep apnea model |
| topic | Intermittent hypoxia heart rate variability obstructive apneas hypoxia rat model |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9330533/ |
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