Optimization of Lipid Extraction from Municipal Scum Sludge for Biodiesel Production Using Statistical Approach
Design of Experiment (DoE) as a statistical method was applied for optimizing lipid extraction conditions from scum sludge. Four different extraction variables were optimized namely methanol to hexane ratio (%), solvent to sludge ratio (ml/g), temperature (oC), and extraction time (h). Process optim...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Diponegoro University
2017-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Renewable Energy Development |
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| Online Access: | https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/13686 |
| _version_ | 1797425093782011904 |
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| author | Samir Hag Ibrahim Emad Hamza |
| author_facet | Samir Hag Ibrahim Emad Hamza |
| author_sort | Samir Hag Ibrahim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Design of Experiment (DoE) as a statistical method was applied for optimizing lipid extraction conditions from scum sludge. Four different extraction variables were optimized namely methanol to hexane ratio (%), solvent to sludge ratio (ml/g), temperature (oC), and extraction time (h). Process optimization was conducted through three main steps: 1) 2k factorial screening design; 2) Steepest ascent method; and 3) Box-Behnken design and response surface method. Based on 2k factorial screening design, methanol to hexane ratio, solvent to sludge ratio and temperature were identified as highly significant variables affecting lipid extraction from scum sludge. Based on screening results, the steepest ascent method was used followed by Box-Behnken design and Response Surface Method (RSM) were then applied for optimization. The maximum extracted lipid of 29.4% (wt lipid/wt dry sludge- %) was achieved at 40% methanol to hexane ratio (%), 40 solvent to sludge ratio (ml/g), 90oC and 6 hours extraction time. The results revealed that lipid extraction increases with reducing the methanol to hexane ratio, increasing solvent to sludge ratio and increasing temperature The results demonstrated the potentiality of scum sludge for biodiesel production from scum sludge compared with the amount of lipid extracted from primary and secondary sludge reported by other studies.
Article History: Received Feb 16th 2017; Received in revised form May 5th 2017; Accepted June 4th 2017; Available online
How to Cite This Article: Ibrahim, S.N.H, and Hamza, E.A. (2017). Optimization of Lipid Extraction from Municipal Scum Sludge for Biodiesel Production Using Statistical Approach. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(2), 171-179.
https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.2.171-179 |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T08:11:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e7cf2629428e4c908b7fa9a8d8ca6f35 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2252-4940 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T08:11:04Z |
| publishDate | 2017-06-01 |
| publisher | Diponegoro University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Renewable Energy Development |
| spelling | doaj.art-e7cf2629428e4c908b7fa9a8d8ca6f352023-12-02T23:27:27ZengDiponegoro UniversityInternational Journal of Renewable Energy Development2252-49402017-06-016217117910.14710/ijred.6.2.171-17911314Optimization of Lipid Extraction from Municipal Scum Sludge for Biodiesel Production Using Statistical ApproachSamir Hag Ibrahim0Emad Hamza1Biology Department, Faculty of Science, and Arts, Taibah University, Al-Ula, Saudi Arabia, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Science and Information Technology, Nyala University, N. Kordofan -Sudan, SudanDesign of Experiment (DoE) as a statistical method was applied for optimizing lipid extraction conditions from scum sludge. Four different extraction variables were optimized namely methanol to hexane ratio (%), solvent to sludge ratio (ml/g), temperature (oC), and extraction time (h). Process optimization was conducted through three main steps: 1) 2k factorial screening design; 2) Steepest ascent method; and 3) Box-Behnken design and response surface method. Based on 2k factorial screening design, methanol to hexane ratio, solvent to sludge ratio and temperature were identified as highly significant variables affecting lipid extraction from scum sludge. Based on screening results, the steepest ascent method was used followed by Box-Behnken design and Response Surface Method (RSM) were then applied for optimization. The maximum extracted lipid of 29.4% (wt lipid/wt dry sludge- %) was achieved at 40% methanol to hexane ratio (%), 40 solvent to sludge ratio (ml/g), 90oC and 6 hours extraction time. The results revealed that lipid extraction increases with reducing the methanol to hexane ratio, increasing solvent to sludge ratio and increasing temperature The results demonstrated the potentiality of scum sludge for biodiesel production from scum sludge compared with the amount of lipid extracted from primary and secondary sludge reported by other studies. Article History: Received Feb 16th 2017; Received in revised form May 5th 2017; Accepted June 4th 2017; Available online How to Cite This Article: Ibrahim, S.N.H, and Hamza, E.A. (2017). Optimization of Lipid Extraction from Municipal Scum Sludge for Biodiesel Production Using Statistical Approach. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(2), 171-179. https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.2.171-179https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/13686box-behnken design, design of experiment (doe), lipid extraction, scum sludge, response surface method (rsm) |
| spellingShingle | Samir Hag Ibrahim Emad Hamza Optimization of Lipid Extraction from Municipal Scum Sludge for Biodiesel Production Using Statistical Approach International Journal of Renewable Energy Development box-behnken design, design of experiment (doe), lipid extraction, scum sludge, response surface method (rsm) |
| title | Optimization of Lipid Extraction from Municipal Scum Sludge for Biodiesel Production Using Statistical Approach |
| title_full | Optimization of Lipid Extraction from Municipal Scum Sludge for Biodiesel Production Using Statistical Approach |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of Lipid Extraction from Municipal Scum Sludge for Biodiesel Production Using Statistical Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of Lipid Extraction from Municipal Scum Sludge for Biodiesel Production Using Statistical Approach |
| title_short | Optimization of Lipid Extraction from Municipal Scum Sludge for Biodiesel Production Using Statistical Approach |
| title_sort | optimization of lipid extraction from municipal scum sludge for biodiesel production using statistical approach |
| topic | box-behnken design, design of experiment (doe), lipid extraction, scum sludge, response surface method (rsm) |
| url | https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/13686 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT samirhagibrahim optimizationoflipidextractionfrommunicipalscumsludgeforbiodieselproductionusingstatisticalapproach AT emadhamza optimizationoflipidextractionfrommunicipalscumsludgeforbiodieselproductionusingstatisticalapproach |