Effect of Compound Probiotics and Mycotoxin Degradation Enzymes on Alleviating Cytotoxicity of Swine Jejunal Epithelial Cells Induced by Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone
Zearalenone (ZEA) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) are two main kinds of mycotoxins widely existing in grain and animal feed that cause a lot of economic loss and health problems for animals and humans. In order to alleviate the cytotoxic effects of AFB1 and ZEA on swine jejunal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2), t...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/1/12 |
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| author | Weiwei Huang Juan Chang Ping Wang Chaoqi Liu Qingqiang Yin Andong Song Tianzeng Gao Xiaowei Dang Fushan Lu |
| author_facet | Weiwei Huang Juan Chang Ping Wang Chaoqi Liu Qingqiang Yin Andong Song Tianzeng Gao Xiaowei Dang Fushan Lu |
| author_sort | Weiwei Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Zearalenone (ZEA) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) are two main kinds of mycotoxins widely existing in grain and animal feed that cause a lot of economic loss and health problems for animals and humans. In order to alleviate the cytotoxic effects of AFB1 and ZEA on swine jejunal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2), the combination of a cell-free supernatant of compound probiotics (CFSCP) with mycotoxin degradation enzymes (MDEs) from Aspergillus oryzae was tested. The results demonstrated that coexistence of AFB1 and ZEA had synergetic toxic effects on cell viability. The cell viability was decreased with mycotoxin concentrations increasing, but increased with incubation time extension. The necrotic cell rates were increased when 40 µg/L AFB1 and/or 500 µg/L ZEA were added, but the addition of CFSCP + MDE suppressed the necrotic effects of AFB1 + ZEA. The viable cell rates were decreased when AFB1 and/or ZEA were added: However, the addition of CFSCP + MDE recovered them. The relative mRNA abundances of Bcl-2, occludin, and ZO-1 genes were significantly upregulated, while Bax, caspase-3, GLUT2, ASCT2, PepT1, and IL6 genes were significantly downregulated by CFSCP + MDE addition, compared to the groups containing 40 µg/L AFB1 and 500 µg/L ZEA. This research provided an effective strategy in alleviating mycotoxin cytotoxicity and keeping normal intestinal cell structure and animal health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:35:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e7f23592d76e4495b487f8baa75a0525 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:35:46Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-e7f23592d76e4495b487f8baa75a05252022-12-22T03:19:14ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512019-01-011111210.3390/toxins11010012toxins11010012Effect of Compound Probiotics and Mycotoxin Degradation Enzymes on Alleviating Cytotoxicity of Swine Jejunal Epithelial Cells Induced by Aflatoxin B1 and ZearalenoneWeiwei Huang0Juan Chang1Ping Wang2Chaoqi Liu3Qingqiang Yin4Andong Song5Tianzeng Gao6Xiaowei Dang7Fushan Lu8College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaHenan Guangan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaHenan Delin Biological Product Co. Ltd., Xinxiang 453000, ChinaHenan Puai Feed Co. Ltd., Zhoukou 466000, ChinaZearalenone (ZEA) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) are two main kinds of mycotoxins widely existing in grain and animal feed that cause a lot of economic loss and health problems for animals and humans. In order to alleviate the cytotoxic effects of AFB1 and ZEA on swine jejunal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2), the combination of a cell-free supernatant of compound probiotics (CFSCP) with mycotoxin degradation enzymes (MDEs) from Aspergillus oryzae was tested. The results demonstrated that coexistence of AFB1 and ZEA had synergetic toxic effects on cell viability. The cell viability was decreased with mycotoxin concentrations increasing, but increased with incubation time extension. The necrotic cell rates were increased when 40 µg/L AFB1 and/or 500 µg/L ZEA were added, but the addition of CFSCP + MDE suppressed the necrotic effects of AFB1 + ZEA. The viable cell rates were decreased when AFB1 and/or ZEA were added: However, the addition of CFSCP + MDE recovered them. The relative mRNA abundances of Bcl-2, occludin, and ZO-1 genes were significantly upregulated, while Bax, caspase-3, GLUT2, ASCT2, PepT1, and IL6 genes were significantly downregulated by CFSCP + MDE addition, compared to the groups containing 40 µg/L AFB1 and 500 µg/L ZEA. This research provided an effective strategy in alleviating mycotoxin cytotoxicity and keeping normal intestinal cell structure and animal health.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/1/12MycotoxinsbiodegradationIPEC-J2 cellsprobioticsmycotoxin degradation enzymes |
| spellingShingle | Weiwei Huang Juan Chang Ping Wang Chaoqi Liu Qingqiang Yin Andong Song Tianzeng Gao Xiaowei Dang Fushan Lu Effect of Compound Probiotics and Mycotoxin Degradation Enzymes on Alleviating Cytotoxicity of Swine Jejunal Epithelial Cells Induced by Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone Toxins Mycotoxins biodegradation IPEC-J2 cells probiotics mycotoxin degradation enzymes |
| title | Effect of Compound Probiotics and Mycotoxin Degradation Enzymes on Alleviating Cytotoxicity of Swine Jejunal Epithelial Cells Induced by Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone |
| title_full | Effect of Compound Probiotics and Mycotoxin Degradation Enzymes on Alleviating Cytotoxicity of Swine Jejunal Epithelial Cells Induced by Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Compound Probiotics and Mycotoxin Degradation Enzymes on Alleviating Cytotoxicity of Swine Jejunal Epithelial Cells Induced by Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Compound Probiotics and Mycotoxin Degradation Enzymes on Alleviating Cytotoxicity of Swine Jejunal Epithelial Cells Induced by Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone |
| title_short | Effect of Compound Probiotics and Mycotoxin Degradation Enzymes on Alleviating Cytotoxicity of Swine Jejunal Epithelial Cells Induced by Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone |
| title_sort | effect of compound probiotics and mycotoxin degradation enzymes on alleviating cytotoxicity of swine jejunal epithelial cells induced by aflatoxin b1 and zearalenone |
| topic | Mycotoxins biodegradation IPEC-J2 cells probiotics mycotoxin degradation enzymes |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/1/12 |
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