Gold (III) Derivatives in Colon Cancer Treatment
Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and the second in women. Standard patterns of antitumor therapy, including cisplatin, are ineffective due to their lack of specificity for tumor cell...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/724 |
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| author | Agata Gurba Przemysław Taciak Mariusz Sacharczuk Izabela Młynarczuk-Biały Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrożny Jakub Fichna |
| author_facet | Agata Gurba Przemysław Taciak Mariusz Sacharczuk Izabela Młynarczuk-Biały Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrożny Jakub Fichna |
| author_sort | Agata Gurba |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and the second in women. Standard patterns of antitumor therapy, including cisplatin, are ineffective due to their lack of specificity for tumor cells, development of drug resistance, and severe side effects. For this reason, new methods and strategies for CRC treatment are urgently needed. Current research includes novel platinum (Pt)- and other metal-based drugs such as gold (Au), silver (Ag), iridium (Ir), or ruthenium (Ru). Au(III) compounds are promising drug candidates for CRC treatment due to their structural similarity to Pt(II). Their advantage is their relatively good solubility in water, but their disadvantage is an unsatisfactory stability under physiological conditions. Due to these limitations, work is still underway to improve the formula of Au(III) complexes by combining with various types of ligands capable of stabilizing the Au(III) cation and preventing its reduction under physiological conditions. This review summarizes the achievements in the field of stable Au(III) complexes with potential cytotoxic activity restricted to cancer cells. Moreover, it has been shown that not nucleic acids but various protein structures such as thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) mediate the antitumor effects of Au derivatives. The state of the art of the in vivo studies so far conducted is also described. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:19:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e7f9c5689c3248f080d77195caa45fac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:19:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e7f9c5689c3248f080d77195caa45fac2023-11-23T14:03:12ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-01-0123272410.3390/ijms23020724Gold (III) Derivatives in Colon Cancer TreatmentAgata Gurba0Przemysław Taciak1Mariusz Sacharczuk2Izabela Młynarczuk-Biały3Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrożny4Jakub Fichna5Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, PolandDepartment for Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, PolandCancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and the second in women. Standard patterns of antitumor therapy, including cisplatin, are ineffective due to their lack of specificity for tumor cells, development of drug resistance, and severe side effects. For this reason, new methods and strategies for CRC treatment are urgently needed. Current research includes novel platinum (Pt)- and other metal-based drugs such as gold (Au), silver (Ag), iridium (Ir), or ruthenium (Ru). Au(III) compounds are promising drug candidates for CRC treatment due to their structural similarity to Pt(II). Their advantage is their relatively good solubility in water, but their disadvantage is an unsatisfactory stability under physiological conditions. Due to these limitations, work is still underway to improve the formula of Au(III) complexes by combining with various types of ligands capable of stabilizing the Au(III) cation and preventing its reduction under physiological conditions. This review summarizes the achievements in the field of stable Au(III) complexes with potential cytotoxic activity restricted to cancer cells. Moreover, it has been shown that not nucleic acids but various protein structures such as thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) mediate the antitumor effects of Au derivatives. The state of the art of the in vivo studies so far conducted is also described.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/724goldAu(III) complexcolorectal canceranticancer drugsorganometalliccancer therapy |
| spellingShingle | Agata Gurba Przemysław Taciak Mariusz Sacharczuk Izabela Młynarczuk-Biały Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrożny Jakub Fichna Gold (III) Derivatives in Colon Cancer Treatment International Journal of Molecular Sciences gold Au(III) complex colorectal cancer anticancer drugs organometallic cancer therapy |
| title | Gold (III) Derivatives in Colon Cancer Treatment |
| title_full | Gold (III) Derivatives in Colon Cancer Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Gold (III) Derivatives in Colon Cancer Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gold (III) Derivatives in Colon Cancer Treatment |
| title_short | Gold (III) Derivatives in Colon Cancer Treatment |
| title_sort | gold iii derivatives in colon cancer treatment |
| topic | gold Au(III) complex colorectal cancer anticancer drugs organometallic cancer therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/724 |
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