Effects of Nitrogen and Water Deficiency on Agronomic Properties, Root Characteristics and Expression of Related Genes in Soybean
Drought and insufficient nutrient supply are the main limiting factors for field crop production; therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the responses of four registered soybean varieties to limited nitrogen (N) supply in combination with drought stress. Plants were grown in tubes filled...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/7/1329 |
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| author | Borbála Hoffmann Balázs Varga Erzsébet Nagy Sándor Hoffmann Éva Darkó Judit Tajti Tibor Janda |
| author_facet | Borbála Hoffmann Balázs Varga Erzsébet Nagy Sándor Hoffmann Éva Darkó Judit Tajti Tibor Janda |
| author_sort | Borbála Hoffmann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Drought and insufficient nutrient supply are the main limiting factors for field crop production; therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the responses of four registered soybean varieties to limited nitrogen (N) supply in combination with drought stress. Plants were grown in tubes filled with silica sand, under open-air conditions. Water shortage was initiated at the three-leaf stage by providing 50% of water, and N deficiency was obtained by reducing the N content of the half-strength Hoagland solution by 50%. N deficiency did not influence the grain yield, while it significantly increased the root dry biomass in Boglár and Pannónia Kincse. Compared with nitrogen supply, the effects of the water shortage were dominant in root development. The expression levels of the investigated genes also showed genotypic variations. The expression of the Inducible nitrate reductase1 gene increased under N-deficient conditions in Boglár and decreased in Pannónia Kincse under drought conditions. The expression level of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene and abscisic acid 8’-hydroxylase 3 increased under combined stress conditions. Summarising the agronomic and physiological characteristics, Boglár and Sinara were sensitive to drought, Bagera was sensitive to N deficiency but produced the highest yield under limited watering in each nitrogen treatment, while Pannónia Kincse was tolerant to nitrogen deficiency under well-watered conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:46:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e817f4e8751e46a784f3966ae5e50ea2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:46:25Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-e817f4e8751e46a784f3966ae5e50ea22023-12-03T13:15:19ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-06-01117132910.3390/agronomy11071329Effects of Nitrogen and Water Deficiency on Agronomic Properties, Root Characteristics and Expression of Related Genes in SoybeanBorbála Hoffmann0Balázs Varga1Erzsébet Nagy2Sándor Hoffmann3Éva Darkó4Judit Tajti5Tibor Janda6Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, 8360 Keszthely, HungaryCentre for Agricultural Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Cereal Breeding Department, Agricultural Institute, 2462 Martonvásár, HungaryDepartment of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, 8360 Keszthely, HungaryDepartment of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, 8360 Keszthely, HungaryCentre for Agricultural Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural Institute, 2462 Martonvásár, HungaryCentre for Agricultural Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural Institute, 2462 Martonvásár, HungaryCentre for Agricultural Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural Institute, 2462 Martonvásár, HungaryDrought and insufficient nutrient supply are the main limiting factors for field crop production; therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the responses of four registered soybean varieties to limited nitrogen (N) supply in combination with drought stress. Plants were grown in tubes filled with silica sand, under open-air conditions. Water shortage was initiated at the three-leaf stage by providing 50% of water, and N deficiency was obtained by reducing the N content of the half-strength Hoagland solution by 50%. N deficiency did not influence the grain yield, while it significantly increased the root dry biomass in Boglár and Pannónia Kincse. Compared with nitrogen supply, the effects of the water shortage were dominant in root development. The expression levels of the investigated genes also showed genotypic variations. The expression of the Inducible nitrate reductase1 gene increased under N-deficient conditions in Boglár and decreased in Pannónia Kincse under drought conditions. The expression level of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene and abscisic acid 8’-hydroxylase 3 increased under combined stress conditions. Summarising the agronomic and physiological characteristics, Boglár and Sinara were sensitive to drought, Bagera was sensitive to N deficiency but produced the highest yield under limited watering in each nitrogen treatment, while Pannónia Kincse was tolerant to nitrogen deficiency under well-watered conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/7/1329root structurelegume cropSPADchlorophyll contentgene expressiongrain yield |
| spellingShingle | Borbála Hoffmann Balázs Varga Erzsébet Nagy Sándor Hoffmann Éva Darkó Judit Tajti Tibor Janda Effects of Nitrogen and Water Deficiency on Agronomic Properties, Root Characteristics and Expression of Related Genes in Soybean Agronomy root structure legume crop SPAD chlorophyll content gene expression grain yield |
| title | Effects of Nitrogen and Water Deficiency on Agronomic Properties, Root Characteristics and Expression of Related Genes in Soybean |
| title_full | Effects of Nitrogen and Water Deficiency on Agronomic Properties, Root Characteristics and Expression of Related Genes in Soybean |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Nitrogen and Water Deficiency on Agronomic Properties, Root Characteristics and Expression of Related Genes in Soybean |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Nitrogen and Water Deficiency on Agronomic Properties, Root Characteristics and Expression of Related Genes in Soybean |
| title_short | Effects of Nitrogen and Water Deficiency on Agronomic Properties, Root Characteristics and Expression of Related Genes in Soybean |
| title_sort | effects of nitrogen and water deficiency on agronomic properties root characteristics and expression of related genes in soybean |
| topic | root structure legume crop SPAD chlorophyll content gene expression grain yield |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/7/1329 |
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