Rapid morphological change in black rats (Rattus rattus) after an island introduction
Rapid morphological change has been shown in rodent populations on islands, including endemic deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus subspp.) on the California Channel Islands. Surprisingly, most of these changes were towards a smaller size. Black rats were introduced to Anacapa Island in the mid-1800s (...
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PeerJ Inc.
2015-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/812.pdf |
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| author | Oliver R.W. Pergams David Byrn Kashawneda L.Y. Lee Racheal Jackson |
| author_facet | Oliver R.W. Pergams David Byrn Kashawneda L.Y. Lee Racheal Jackson |
| author_sort | Oliver R.W. Pergams |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rapid morphological change has been shown in rodent populations on islands, including endemic deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus subspp.) on the California Channel Islands. Surprisingly, most of these changes were towards a smaller size. Black rats were introduced to Anacapa Island in the mid-1800s (probably in 1853) and eradicated in 2001–2002. To assess possible changes in these rats since their introduction, eleven cranial and four standard external measurements were taken from 59 Rattus rattus specimens collected from 1940–2000. All rat cranial traits changed 3.06–10.43% (724–2567 d, 0.06–0.42 h), and all became larger. When considered in haldanes, these changes are among the fastest on record in any organism, and far exceed changes found in other island rodents. These changes were confirmed by MANOVA (Wilk’s λ < 0.0005, Fd.f.15 = 2974.386, P < 0.0005), and all 11 cranial traits significantly fit linear regressions. We speculate that concurrent changes in mice may have been due in part to competition with and/or predation by rats. Future research might evaluate whether the vector of mouse evolution on Anacapa is again changing after rat eradication. |
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| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:02:41Z |
| publishDate | 2015-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-e82ca29d40904549b3d4af950db3e1512023-12-03T09:50:58ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592015-03-013e81210.7717/peerj.812812Rapid morphological change in black rats (Rattus rattus) after an island introductionOliver R.W. Pergams0David Byrn1Kashawneda L.Y. Lee2Racheal Jackson3Department of Biology, Olive-Harvey College, One of the City Colleges of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USADepartment of Biology, Olive-Harvey College, One of the City Colleges of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USADepartment of Biology, Olive-Harvey College, One of the City Colleges of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USADepartment of Biology, Olive-Harvey College, One of the City Colleges of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USARapid morphological change has been shown in rodent populations on islands, including endemic deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus subspp.) on the California Channel Islands. Surprisingly, most of these changes were towards a smaller size. Black rats were introduced to Anacapa Island in the mid-1800s (probably in 1853) and eradicated in 2001–2002. To assess possible changes in these rats since their introduction, eleven cranial and four standard external measurements were taken from 59 Rattus rattus specimens collected from 1940–2000. All rat cranial traits changed 3.06–10.43% (724–2567 d, 0.06–0.42 h), and all became larger. When considered in haldanes, these changes are among the fastest on record in any organism, and far exceed changes found in other island rodents. These changes were confirmed by MANOVA (Wilk’s λ < 0.0005, Fd.f.15 = 2974.386, P < 0.0005), and all 11 cranial traits significantly fit linear regressions. We speculate that concurrent changes in mice may have been due in part to competition with and/or predation by rats. Future research might evaluate whether the vector of mouse evolution on Anacapa is again changing after rat eradication.https://peerj.com/articles/812.pdfAnacapa islandCalifornia Channel islandsRattus rattusMorphologyRapid evolutionMicroevolution |
| spellingShingle | Oliver R.W. Pergams David Byrn Kashawneda L.Y. Lee Racheal Jackson Rapid morphological change in black rats (Rattus rattus) after an island introduction PeerJ Anacapa island California Channel islands Rattus rattus Morphology Rapid evolution Microevolution |
| title | Rapid morphological change in black rats (Rattus rattus) after an island introduction |
| title_full | Rapid morphological change in black rats (Rattus rattus) after an island introduction |
| title_fullStr | Rapid morphological change in black rats (Rattus rattus) after an island introduction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rapid morphological change in black rats (Rattus rattus) after an island introduction |
| title_short | Rapid morphological change in black rats (Rattus rattus) after an island introduction |
| title_sort | rapid morphological change in black rats rattus rattus after an island introduction |
| topic | Anacapa island California Channel islands Rattus rattus Morphology Rapid evolution Microevolution |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/812.pdf |
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