The Gut Microbiota: Master of Puppets Connecting the Epidemiology of Infectious, Autoimmune, and Metabolic Disease
Infectious, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases put an enormous pressure on both quality of life and the economy. For all three disease types, it is known that the quality of the gut microbiota composition is correlated to both onset and progression of disease. Hence, maintaining eubiosis and prevent...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.902106/full |
| _version_ | 1818150043401584640 |
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| author | Olaf F. A. Larsen Maike van der Grint Cato Wiegers Linda H. M. van de Burgwal |
| author_facet | Olaf F. A. Larsen Maike van der Grint Cato Wiegers Linda H. M. van de Burgwal |
| author_sort | Olaf F. A. Larsen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infectious, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases put an enormous pressure on both quality of life and the economy. For all three disease types, it is known that the quality of the gut microbiota composition is correlated to both onset and progression of disease. Hence, maintaining eubiosis and preventing gradual irreversible loss of beneficial microbes within the gut microbial ecosystem is of utmost importance. As such, the epidemiological trends of these disease types may serve as proxies for the integrity of the human gut microbiota. Here, we present incidence data covering the last decades for prototypical infectious diseases (tuberculosis and measles), autoimmune disorders (type-1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis), and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Our findings reveal that vaccination efforts correlate with relatively low levels of archetypal infectious disease incidence. However, autoimmune and metabolic disorders are, together with the usage of antibiotics, steeply on the rise. These findings suggest that the status of the gut microbiota is persistently deteriorating, as reflected by the proxies. As such, the epidemiological trends shown here may serve as a starting point for a mechanistic understanding of the interplay between these different disease types that can be used for future prevention and mitigation strategies like targeted stimulation and suppletion of microorganisms by means of, e.g., fermented foods, prebiotics and probiotics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T13:16:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e83be54143474cb28b3d92667a7625d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T13:16:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e83be54143474cb28b3d92667a7625d62022-12-22T01:06:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-04-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.902106902106The Gut Microbiota: Master of Puppets Connecting the Epidemiology of Infectious, Autoimmune, and Metabolic DiseaseOlaf F. A. LarsenMaike van der GrintCato WiegersLinda H. M. van de BurgwalInfectious, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases put an enormous pressure on both quality of life and the economy. For all three disease types, it is known that the quality of the gut microbiota composition is correlated to both onset and progression of disease. Hence, maintaining eubiosis and preventing gradual irreversible loss of beneficial microbes within the gut microbial ecosystem is of utmost importance. As such, the epidemiological trends of these disease types may serve as proxies for the integrity of the human gut microbiota. Here, we present incidence data covering the last decades for prototypical infectious diseases (tuberculosis and measles), autoimmune disorders (type-1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis), and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Our findings reveal that vaccination efforts correlate with relatively low levels of archetypal infectious disease incidence. However, autoimmune and metabolic disorders are, together with the usage of antibiotics, steeply on the rise. These findings suggest that the status of the gut microbiota is persistently deteriorating, as reflected by the proxies. As such, the epidemiological trends shown here may serve as a starting point for a mechanistic understanding of the interplay between these different disease types that can be used for future prevention and mitigation strategies like targeted stimulation and suppletion of microorganisms by means of, e.g., fermented foods, prebiotics and probiotics.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.902106/fullgut microbiotaepidemiologyinfectious diseaseautoimmune diseasemetabolic syndromeantibiotics usage |
| spellingShingle | Olaf F. A. Larsen Maike van der Grint Cato Wiegers Linda H. M. van de Burgwal The Gut Microbiota: Master of Puppets Connecting the Epidemiology of Infectious, Autoimmune, and Metabolic Disease Frontiers in Microbiology gut microbiota epidemiology infectious disease autoimmune disease metabolic syndrome antibiotics usage |
| title | The Gut Microbiota: Master of Puppets Connecting the Epidemiology of Infectious, Autoimmune, and Metabolic Disease |
| title_full | The Gut Microbiota: Master of Puppets Connecting the Epidemiology of Infectious, Autoimmune, and Metabolic Disease |
| title_fullStr | The Gut Microbiota: Master of Puppets Connecting the Epidemiology of Infectious, Autoimmune, and Metabolic Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Gut Microbiota: Master of Puppets Connecting the Epidemiology of Infectious, Autoimmune, and Metabolic Disease |
| title_short | The Gut Microbiota: Master of Puppets Connecting the Epidemiology of Infectious, Autoimmune, and Metabolic Disease |
| title_sort | gut microbiota master of puppets connecting the epidemiology of infectious autoimmune and metabolic disease |
| topic | gut microbiota epidemiology infectious disease autoimmune disease metabolic syndrome antibiotics usage |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.902106/full |
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