Effects of Ultrafine Blast Furnace Slag on the Microstructure and Chloride Transport in Cementitious Systems under Cyclic Drying–Wetting Conditions
This paper presents experimental investigations into the effects of ultrafine blast furnace slag on microstructure improvements against chloride penetration in saturated and unsaturated cementitious systems exposed to cyclic drying–wetting conditions. The hydration kinetics of ultrafine slag powders...
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/8/4064 |
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| author | Wei Li Liming Yi Wen Jiang Hua Dong Yong Zhang |
| author_facet | Wei Li Liming Yi Wen Jiang Hua Dong Yong Zhang |
| author_sort | Wei Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents experimental investigations into the effects of ultrafine blast furnace slag on microstructure improvements against chloride penetration in saturated and unsaturated cementitious systems exposed to cyclic drying–wetting conditions. The hydration kinetics of ultrafine slag powders and pore solution chemistry in slag-blended cementitious systems at different ages, together with the main hydration products and pore structure characteristics, were determined. The chloride profiles accounting for different slag contents and drying–wetting cycles were measured. The results reveal that the reactivity of ultrafine slag can be well described with Avrami’s equation. The dilution effect of the slag predominated the pore solution chemistry, and the pH value decreased with a higher inclusion of slag. An optimal inclusion of 65% slag by mass of the binder corresponding to the finest pore structure and highest hydrotalcite content was found, which provides a reasonable basis for the slow chloride diffusion and high chloride binding. Under drying–wetting exposure, the specimen with a lower saturation exhibited a higher chloride transport caused by capillary absorption in the skin layer. The chloride transport tended to be diffusion controlled after sufficient drying–wetting cycles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:11:33Z |
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| id | doaj.art-e851cd7ff5ea453b9cb5c6d7be4a9159 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:11:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-e851cd7ff5ea453b9cb5c6d7be4a91592023-12-01T00:44:34ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-04-01128406410.3390/app12084064Effects of Ultrafine Blast Furnace Slag on the Microstructure and Chloride Transport in Cementitious Systems under Cyclic Drying–Wetting ConditionsWei Li0Liming Yi1Wen Jiang2Hua Dong3Yong Zhang4PowerChina Hubei Electric Engineering Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430040, ChinaPowerChina Hubei Electric Engineering Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430040, ChinaPowerChina Hubei Electric Engineering Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430040, ChinaMicrolab, Section of Materials and Environment, Department of 3MD, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN Delft, The NetherlandsCollege of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, ChinaThis paper presents experimental investigations into the effects of ultrafine blast furnace slag on microstructure improvements against chloride penetration in saturated and unsaturated cementitious systems exposed to cyclic drying–wetting conditions. The hydration kinetics of ultrafine slag powders and pore solution chemistry in slag-blended cementitious systems at different ages, together with the main hydration products and pore structure characteristics, were determined. The chloride profiles accounting for different slag contents and drying–wetting cycles were measured. The results reveal that the reactivity of ultrafine slag can be well described with Avrami’s equation. The dilution effect of the slag predominated the pore solution chemistry, and the pH value decreased with a higher inclusion of slag. An optimal inclusion of 65% slag by mass of the binder corresponding to the finest pore structure and highest hydrotalcite content was found, which provides a reasonable basis for the slow chloride diffusion and high chloride binding. Under drying–wetting exposure, the specimen with a lower saturation exhibited a higher chloride transport caused by capillary absorption in the skin layer. The chloride transport tended to be diffusion controlled after sufficient drying–wetting cycles.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/8/4064ultrafine blast furnace slagpore solution chemistrymicrostructurechloride transportdrying–wettingunsaturated |
| spellingShingle | Wei Li Liming Yi Wen Jiang Hua Dong Yong Zhang Effects of Ultrafine Blast Furnace Slag on the Microstructure and Chloride Transport in Cementitious Systems under Cyclic Drying–Wetting Conditions Applied Sciences ultrafine blast furnace slag pore solution chemistry microstructure chloride transport drying–wetting unsaturated |
| title | Effects of Ultrafine Blast Furnace Slag on the Microstructure and Chloride Transport in Cementitious Systems under Cyclic Drying–Wetting Conditions |
| title_full | Effects of Ultrafine Blast Furnace Slag on the Microstructure and Chloride Transport in Cementitious Systems under Cyclic Drying–Wetting Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Ultrafine Blast Furnace Slag on the Microstructure and Chloride Transport in Cementitious Systems under Cyclic Drying–Wetting Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Ultrafine Blast Furnace Slag on the Microstructure and Chloride Transport in Cementitious Systems under Cyclic Drying–Wetting Conditions |
| title_short | Effects of Ultrafine Blast Furnace Slag on the Microstructure and Chloride Transport in Cementitious Systems under Cyclic Drying–Wetting Conditions |
| title_sort | effects of ultrafine blast furnace slag on the microstructure and chloride transport in cementitious systems under cyclic drying wetting conditions |
| topic | ultrafine blast furnace slag pore solution chemistry microstructure chloride transport drying–wetting unsaturated |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/8/4064 |
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