Roles of Telomere Biology in Cell Senescence, Replicative and Chronological Ageing
Telomeres with G-rich repetitive DNA and particular proteins as special heterochromatin structures at the termini of eukaryotic chromosomes are tightly maintained to safeguard genetic integrity and functionality. Telomerase as a specialized reverse transcriptase uses its intrinsic RNA template to le...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/8/1/54 |
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| author | Jun Liu Lihui Wang Zhiguo Wang Jun-Ping Liu |
| author_facet | Jun Liu Lihui Wang Zhiguo Wang Jun-Ping Liu |
| author_sort | Jun Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Telomeres with G-rich repetitive DNA and particular proteins as special heterochromatin structures at the termini of eukaryotic chromosomes are tightly maintained to safeguard genetic integrity and functionality. Telomerase as a specialized reverse transcriptase uses its intrinsic RNA template to lengthen telomeric G-rich strand in yeast and human cells. Cells sense telomere length shortening and respond with cell cycle arrest at a certain size of telomeres referring to the “Hayflick limit.” In addition to regulating the cell replicative senescence, telomere biology plays a fundamental role in regulating the chronological post-mitotic cell ageing. In this review, we summarize the current understandings of telomere regulation of cell replicative and chronological ageing in the pioneer model system Saccharomyces cerevisiae and provide an overview on telomere regulation of animal lifespans. We focus on the mechanisms of survivals by telomere elongation, DNA damage response and environmental factors in the absence of telomerase maintenance of telomeres in the yeast and mammals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:18:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e854d5bc2a274053b2f0a0fda99de414 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:18:11Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-e854d5bc2a274053b2f0a0fda99de4142023-09-03T02:28:45ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092019-01-01815410.3390/cells8010054cells8010054Roles of Telomere Biology in Cell Senescence, Replicative and Chronological AgeingJun Liu0Lihui Wang1Zhiguo Wang2Jun-Ping Liu3Institute of Ageing Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, ChinaInstitute of Ageing Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, ChinaInstitute of Ageing Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, ChinaInstitute of Ageing Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, ChinaTelomeres with G-rich repetitive DNA and particular proteins as special heterochromatin structures at the termini of eukaryotic chromosomes are tightly maintained to safeguard genetic integrity and functionality. Telomerase as a specialized reverse transcriptase uses its intrinsic RNA template to lengthen telomeric G-rich strand in yeast and human cells. Cells sense telomere length shortening and respond with cell cycle arrest at a certain size of telomeres referring to the “Hayflick limit.” In addition to regulating the cell replicative senescence, telomere biology plays a fundamental role in regulating the chronological post-mitotic cell ageing. In this review, we summarize the current understandings of telomere regulation of cell replicative and chronological ageing in the pioneer model system Saccharomyces cerevisiae and provide an overview on telomere regulation of animal lifespans. We focus on the mechanisms of survivals by telomere elongation, DNA damage response and environmental factors in the absence of telomerase maintenance of telomeres in the yeast and mammals.http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/8/1/54telomereageinglifespansenescencereplicative ageingchronological ageingyeast |
| spellingShingle | Jun Liu Lihui Wang Zhiguo Wang Jun-Ping Liu Roles of Telomere Biology in Cell Senescence, Replicative and Chronological Ageing Cells telomere ageing lifespan senescence replicative ageing chronological ageing yeast |
| title | Roles of Telomere Biology in Cell Senescence, Replicative and Chronological Ageing |
| title_full | Roles of Telomere Biology in Cell Senescence, Replicative and Chronological Ageing |
| title_fullStr | Roles of Telomere Biology in Cell Senescence, Replicative and Chronological Ageing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Roles of Telomere Biology in Cell Senescence, Replicative and Chronological Ageing |
| title_short | Roles of Telomere Biology in Cell Senescence, Replicative and Chronological Ageing |
| title_sort | roles of telomere biology in cell senescence replicative and chronological ageing |
| topic | telomere ageing lifespan senescence replicative ageing chronological ageing yeast |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/8/1/54 |
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