Area Wide Monitoring of Plant and Honey Bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) Viruses in Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i>) Agroecosystems Facilitated by Honey Bee Pollination
Healthy agroecosystems are dependent on a complex web of factors and inter-species interactions. Flowers are hubs for pathogen transmission, including the horizontal or vertical transmission of plant-viruses and the horizontal transmission of bee-viruses. Pollination by the European honey bee (<i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/5/1209 |
| _version_ | 1797598123937234944 |
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| author | Eunseo Lee Raj Vansia James Phelan Andrea Lofano Adam Smith Aiming Wang Guillaume J. Bilodeau Stephen F. Pernal M. Marta Guarna Michael Rott Jonathan S. Griffiths |
| author_facet | Eunseo Lee Raj Vansia James Phelan Andrea Lofano Adam Smith Aiming Wang Guillaume J. Bilodeau Stephen F. Pernal M. Marta Guarna Michael Rott Jonathan S. Griffiths |
| author_sort | Eunseo Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Healthy agroecosystems are dependent on a complex web of factors and inter-species interactions. Flowers are hubs for pathogen transmission, including the horizontal or vertical transmission of plant-viruses and the horizontal transmission of bee-viruses. Pollination by the European honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) is critical for industrial fruit production, but bees can also vector viruses and other pathogens between individuals. Here, we utilized commercial honey bee pollination services in blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i>) farms for a metagenomics-based bee and plant virus monitoring system. Following RNA sequencing, viruses were identified by mapping reads to a reference sequence database through the bioinformatics portal Virtool. In total, 29 unique plant viral species were found at two blueberry farms in British Columbia (BC). Nine viruses were identified at one site in Ontario (ON), five of which were not identified in BC. Ilarviruses blueberry shock virus (BlShV) and prune dwarf virus (PDV) were the most frequently detected viruses in BC but absent in ON, while nepoviruses tomato ringspot virus and tobacco ringspot virus were common in ON but absent in BC. BlShV coat protein (CP) nucleotide sequences were nearly identical in all samples, while PDV CP sequences were more diverse, suggesting multiple strains of PDV circulating at this site. Ten bee-infecting viruses were identified, with black queen cell virus frequently detected in ON and BC. Area-wide bee-mediated pathogen monitoring can provide new insights into the diversity of viruses present in, and the health of, bee-pollination ecosystems. This approach can be limited by a short sampling season, biased towards pollen-transmitted viruses, and the plant material collected by bees can be very diverse. This can obscure the origin of some viruses, but bee-mediated virus monitoring can be an effective preliminary monitoring approach. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:14:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e8734282787348279fc48d7cb0d1f0de |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:14:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-e8734282787348279fc48d7cb0d1f0de2023-11-18T03:40:32ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152023-05-01155120910.3390/v15051209Area Wide Monitoring of Plant and Honey Bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) Viruses in Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i>) Agroecosystems Facilitated by Honey Bee PollinationEunseo Lee0Raj Vansia1James Phelan2Andrea Lofano3Adam Smith4Aiming Wang5Guillaume J. Bilodeau6Stephen F. Pernal7M. Marta Guarna8Michael Rott9Jonathan S. Griffiths10Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaLondon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 4902 Victoria Ave N, Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0, CanadaSidney Laboratory, Centre for Plant Health, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 8801 East Saanich Rd., North Saanich, BC V8L 1H3, CanadaLondon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 4902 Victoria Ave N, Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0, CanadaSidney Laboratory, Centre for Plant Health, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 8801 East Saanich Rd., North Saanich, BC V8L 1H3, CanadaLondon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON N5V 4T3, CanadaOttawa Plant Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 3851 Fallowfield Rd., Ottawa, ON K2J 4S1, CanadaBeaverlodge Research Farm, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 29, Beaverlodge, AB T0H 0C0, CanadaBeaverlodge Research Farm, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 29, Beaverlodge, AB T0H 0C0, CanadaSidney Laboratory, Centre for Plant Health, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 8801 East Saanich Rd., North Saanich, BC V8L 1H3, CanadaLondon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 4902 Victoria Ave N, Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0, CanadaHealthy agroecosystems are dependent on a complex web of factors and inter-species interactions. Flowers are hubs for pathogen transmission, including the horizontal or vertical transmission of plant-viruses and the horizontal transmission of bee-viruses. Pollination by the European honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) is critical for industrial fruit production, but bees can also vector viruses and other pathogens between individuals. Here, we utilized commercial honey bee pollination services in blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i>) farms for a metagenomics-based bee and plant virus monitoring system. Following RNA sequencing, viruses were identified by mapping reads to a reference sequence database through the bioinformatics portal Virtool. In total, 29 unique plant viral species were found at two blueberry farms in British Columbia (BC). Nine viruses were identified at one site in Ontario (ON), five of which were not identified in BC. Ilarviruses blueberry shock virus (BlShV) and prune dwarf virus (PDV) were the most frequently detected viruses in BC but absent in ON, while nepoviruses tomato ringspot virus and tobacco ringspot virus were common in ON but absent in BC. BlShV coat protein (CP) nucleotide sequences were nearly identical in all samples, while PDV CP sequences were more diverse, suggesting multiple strains of PDV circulating at this site. Ten bee-infecting viruses were identified, with black queen cell virus frequently detected in ON and BC. Area-wide bee-mediated pathogen monitoring can provide new insights into the diversity of viruses present in, and the health of, bee-pollination ecosystems. This approach can be limited by a short sampling season, biased towards pollen-transmitted viruses, and the plant material collected by bees can be very diverse. This can obscure the origin of some viruses, but bee-mediated virus monitoring can be an effective preliminary monitoring approach.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/5/1209virushoney beemetagenomics |
| spellingShingle | Eunseo Lee Raj Vansia James Phelan Andrea Lofano Adam Smith Aiming Wang Guillaume J. Bilodeau Stephen F. Pernal M. Marta Guarna Michael Rott Jonathan S. Griffiths Area Wide Monitoring of Plant and Honey Bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) Viruses in Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i>) Agroecosystems Facilitated by Honey Bee Pollination Viruses virus honey bee metagenomics |
| title | Area Wide Monitoring of Plant and Honey Bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) Viruses in Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i>) Agroecosystems Facilitated by Honey Bee Pollination |
| title_full | Area Wide Monitoring of Plant and Honey Bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) Viruses in Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i>) Agroecosystems Facilitated by Honey Bee Pollination |
| title_fullStr | Area Wide Monitoring of Plant and Honey Bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) Viruses in Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i>) Agroecosystems Facilitated by Honey Bee Pollination |
| title_full_unstemmed | Area Wide Monitoring of Plant and Honey Bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) Viruses in Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i>) Agroecosystems Facilitated by Honey Bee Pollination |
| title_short | Area Wide Monitoring of Plant and Honey Bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) Viruses in Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i>) Agroecosystems Facilitated by Honey Bee Pollination |
| title_sort | area wide monitoring of plant and honey bee i apis mellifera i viruses in blueberry i vaccinium corymbosum i agroecosystems facilitated by honey bee pollination |
| topic | virus honey bee metagenomics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/5/1209 |
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