Prevalence and determinants of active trachoma among preschool-aged children in Dembia District, Northwest Ethiopia
Abstract Background Trachoma is an infectious eye disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, which is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. In areas where trachoma is endemic, active trachoma is common among preschool-aged children, with varying magnitude. This study aimed to estimate t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-10-01
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| Series: | Infectious Diseases of Poverty |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40249-017-0345-8 |
| _version_ | 1830302060964216832 |
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| author | Ayanaw Tsega Ferede Abel Fekadu Dadi Amare Tariku Akilew Awoke Adane |
| author_facet | Ayanaw Tsega Ferede Abel Fekadu Dadi Amare Tariku Akilew Awoke Adane |
| author_sort | Ayanaw Tsega Ferede |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Trachoma is an infectious eye disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, which is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. In areas where trachoma is endemic, active trachoma is common among preschool-aged children, with varying magnitude. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of active trachoma and associated risk factors among preschool-aged children in Dembia District, northwest Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among preschool-aged children of northwest Ethiopia. Multistage systematic random sampling was used to select 695 subjects. Trained clinical optometrists subjected each child to an ocular examination and assessed the presence of active trachoma. Face to face interview using pretested and structured questionnaire were conducted to collect data on possible risk factors. Trachoma cases were graded following a World Health Organization simplified grading scheme. All statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS software version 20. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to identify factors associated with active trachoma. Results Of the 681 preschool-aged children studied, 18% (95% CI: 15.4% – 21.1%) had a prevalence of active trachoma. Children who had clean faces (absence of nasal and ocular discharges) had a lower chance of having active trachoma [aOR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.37 – 0.82]. The odds of having active trachoma decreased with an increase in the distance to a water point [aOR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.33 – 0.78]. Similarly, no or poor utilization of liquid waste disposal in the child’s household was associated with an increased chance of having active trachoma [aOR = 3.83, 95% CI: 1.26 – 11.61]. Conclusion The prevalence of active trachoma in these preschool-aged children was found to be high and needs special interventions that focus on educating families about proper face washing, liquid waste disposal, and improving safe water supply near the households. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T09:00:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e88d8c3f65bf4e1197dd4e192e3d5ef9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2049-9957 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T09:00:28Z |
| publishDate | 2017-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infectious Diseases of Poverty |
| spelling | doaj.art-e88d8c3f65bf4e1197dd4e192e3d5ef92022-12-21T20:28:30ZengBMCInfectious Diseases of Poverty2049-99572017-10-01611710.1186/s40249-017-0345-8Prevalence and determinants of active trachoma among preschool-aged children in Dembia District, Northwest EthiopiaAyanaw Tsega Ferede0Abel Fekadu Dadi1Amare Tariku2Akilew Awoke Adane3Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarDepartment of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarAbstract Background Trachoma is an infectious eye disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, which is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. In areas where trachoma is endemic, active trachoma is common among preschool-aged children, with varying magnitude. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of active trachoma and associated risk factors among preschool-aged children in Dembia District, northwest Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among preschool-aged children of northwest Ethiopia. Multistage systematic random sampling was used to select 695 subjects. Trained clinical optometrists subjected each child to an ocular examination and assessed the presence of active trachoma. Face to face interview using pretested and structured questionnaire were conducted to collect data on possible risk factors. Trachoma cases were graded following a World Health Organization simplified grading scheme. All statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS software version 20. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to identify factors associated with active trachoma. Results Of the 681 preschool-aged children studied, 18% (95% CI: 15.4% – 21.1%) had a prevalence of active trachoma. Children who had clean faces (absence of nasal and ocular discharges) had a lower chance of having active trachoma [aOR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.37 – 0.82]. The odds of having active trachoma decreased with an increase in the distance to a water point [aOR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.33 – 0.78]. Similarly, no or poor utilization of liquid waste disposal in the child’s household was associated with an increased chance of having active trachoma [aOR = 3.83, 95% CI: 1.26 – 11.61]. Conclusion The prevalence of active trachoma in these preschool-aged children was found to be high and needs special interventions that focus on educating families about proper face washing, liquid waste disposal, and improving safe water supply near the households.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40249-017-0345-8Active trachomaCross-sectional studyPreschool- aged childrennorthwest Ethiopia |
| spellingShingle | Ayanaw Tsega Ferede Abel Fekadu Dadi Amare Tariku Akilew Awoke Adane Prevalence and determinants of active trachoma among preschool-aged children in Dembia District, Northwest Ethiopia Infectious Diseases of Poverty Active trachoma Cross-sectional study Preschool- aged children northwest Ethiopia |
| title | Prevalence and determinants of active trachoma among preschool-aged children in Dembia District, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_full | Prevalence and determinants of active trachoma among preschool-aged children in Dembia District, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and determinants of active trachoma among preschool-aged children in Dembia District, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and determinants of active trachoma among preschool-aged children in Dembia District, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_short | Prevalence and determinants of active trachoma among preschool-aged children in Dembia District, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_sort | prevalence and determinants of active trachoma among preschool aged children in dembia district northwest ethiopia |
| topic | Active trachoma Cross-sectional study Preschool- aged children northwest Ethiopia |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40249-017-0345-8 |
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