| Summary: | In this article, we use the word diaspora as a social category of membership, and a tool manipulated by actors to create a collective subject across divisions. Our analysis examines the factors of inclusion in trying to understand the mechanisms by which the Tamil Nadu, Tamil Eelam, and Tamil organisations are trying desperately to include their communities in exile in a unifying and homogeneous set that they call Tamil diaspora. In order to clarify this process of attachment that involving memory, filiation and affiliation, we will illustrate our subject by the study of the Tamil’s anchorage points in Île-de-France. In the first part, we will see what differentiates the diasporic identity from the others collective identity. The second part will qualify this link, which becomes a support of solidarity conceptually doubtful between nationalism and selectivity, to create a Tamil transnational identity. The last part will hold a reflection on levels of belonging identity, focusing on the study of an ethnic neighbourhood: La Chapelle, located on the 10th and the 18th arrondissements (administrative subdivision) of Paris.
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