Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, <i>Lates calcarifer</i>, in Malaysia
<i>Vibrio</i> spp. are important aquaculture pathogens that cause vibriosis, affecting large numbers of marine fish species. This study determines the field efficacy of a feed-based inactivated vaccine against vibriosis in cage-cultured Asian seabass. A total of 4800 Asian seabass, kept...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/1/9 |
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| author | Zahaludin Amir-Danial Mohd Zamri-Saad Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal Salleh Annas Aslah Mohamad Sutra Jumria Tilusha Manchanayake Ali Arbania Md Yasin Ina-Salwany |
| author_facet | Zahaludin Amir-Danial Mohd Zamri-Saad Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal Salleh Annas Aslah Mohamad Sutra Jumria Tilusha Manchanayake Ali Arbania Md Yasin Ina-Salwany |
| author_sort | Zahaludin Amir-Danial |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Vibrio</i> spp. are important aquaculture pathogens that cause vibriosis, affecting large numbers of marine fish species. This study determines the field efficacy of a feed-based inactivated vaccine against vibriosis in cage-cultured Asian seabass. A total of 4800 Asian seabass, kept in a field environment, were separated equally into two groups (vaccinated and non-vaccinated) in duplicate. Fish of Group 1 were orally administered the feed-based vaccine on weeks 0 (prime vaccination), 2 (booster), and 6 (second booster) at 4% body weight, while the non-vaccinated fish of Group 2 were fed with a commercial formulated pellet without the vaccine. Fish gut, mucus, and serum were collected, the length and weight of the fish were noted, while the mortality was recorded at 2-week intervals for a period of 16 weeks. The non-specific lysozyme activities were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher in the fish of Group 1 than the non-vaccinated fish of Group 2. Similarly, the specific IgM antibody levels in serum and mucus were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher in Group 1 than in Group 2, as seen in the second week, with the highest level 8 weeks after primary immunization. At week 16, the growth performance was significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) better in Group 1 and showed lower bacterial isolation in the gut than Group 2. Despite the statistical insignificance (<i>p</i> > 0.05), the survival rate was slightly higher in Group 1 (71.3%) than Group 2 (67.7%). This study revealed that feed-based vaccination improves growth performance, stimulates innate and adaptive immune responses, and increases protection of cultured Asian seabass, <i>L. calcarifer,</i> against vibriosis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:05:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e8a8f99722704ed882c44e6a52eac3e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:05:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-e8a8f99722704ed882c44e6a52eac3e32023-12-01T00:59:45ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2022-12-01111910.3390/vaccines11010009Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, <i>Lates calcarifer</i>, in MalaysiaZahaludin Amir-Danial0Mohd Zamri-Saad1Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal2Salleh Annas3Aslah Mohamad4Sutra Jumria5Tilusha Manchanayake6Ali Arbania7Md Yasin Ina-Salwany8Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaAquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaAquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaAquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaAquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaAquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaAquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia<i>Vibrio</i> spp. are important aquaculture pathogens that cause vibriosis, affecting large numbers of marine fish species. This study determines the field efficacy of a feed-based inactivated vaccine against vibriosis in cage-cultured Asian seabass. A total of 4800 Asian seabass, kept in a field environment, were separated equally into two groups (vaccinated and non-vaccinated) in duplicate. Fish of Group 1 were orally administered the feed-based vaccine on weeks 0 (prime vaccination), 2 (booster), and 6 (second booster) at 4% body weight, while the non-vaccinated fish of Group 2 were fed with a commercial formulated pellet without the vaccine. Fish gut, mucus, and serum were collected, the length and weight of the fish were noted, while the mortality was recorded at 2-week intervals for a period of 16 weeks. The non-specific lysozyme activities were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher in the fish of Group 1 than the non-vaccinated fish of Group 2. Similarly, the specific IgM antibody levels in serum and mucus were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher in Group 1 than in Group 2, as seen in the second week, with the highest level 8 weeks after primary immunization. At week 16, the growth performance was significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) better in Group 1 and showed lower bacterial isolation in the gut than Group 2. Despite the statistical insignificance (<i>p</i> > 0.05), the survival rate was slightly higher in Group 1 (71.3%) than Group 2 (67.7%). This study revealed that feed-based vaccination improves growth performance, stimulates innate and adaptive immune responses, and increases protection of cultured Asian seabass, <i>L. calcarifer,</i> against vibriosis.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/1/9vibriosis<i>Lates calcarifer</i>feed-based vaccinemarine fishfield vaccination |
| spellingShingle | Zahaludin Amir-Danial Mohd Zamri-Saad Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal Salleh Annas Aslah Mohamad Sutra Jumria Tilusha Manchanayake Ali Arbania Md Yasin Ina-Salwany Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, <i>Lates calcarifer</i>, in Malaysia Vaccines vibriosis <i>Lates calcarifer</i> feed-based vaccine marine fish field vaccination |
| title | Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, <i>Lates calcarifer</i>, in Malaysia |
| title_full | Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, <i>Lates calcarifer</i>, in Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, <i>Lates calcarifer</i>, in Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, <i>Lates calcarifer</i>, in Malaysia |
| title_short | Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, <i>Lates calcarifer</i>, in Malaysia |
| title_sort | field efficacy of a feed based inactivated vaccine against vibriosis in cage cultured asian seabass i lates calcarifer i in malaysia |
| topic | vibriosis <i>Lates calcarifer</i> feed-based vaccine marine fish field vaccination |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/1/9 |
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