Effects of substance misuse and family history of substance use disorder on brain structure in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls
Introduction Literature shows overlapping alterations in brain structure in Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and substance use disorder (SUD), suggesting shared pathophysiological mechanisms. It is unclear to what extent family history (trait) effects and/or substance misuse (state)...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge University Press
2021-04-01
|
| Series: | European Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933821003667/type/journal_article |
| _version_ | 1827753963497193472 |
|---|---|
| author | M. Novi M. Paraskevopoulou D. Van Rooij A. Schene J. Buitelaar A. Schellekens |
| author_facet | M. Novi M. Paraskevopoulou D. Van Rooij A. Schene J. Buitelaar A. Schellekens |
| author_sort | M. Novi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Introduction
Literature shows overlapping alterations in brain structure in Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and substance use disorder (SUD), suggesting shared pathophysiological mechanisms. It is unclear to what extent family history (trait) effects and/or substance misuse (state) effects explain the observed overlap.
Objectives
Our aim was to examine the effects of (i) SUD family history (FH) and (ii) substance misuse on brain structure in ADHD.
Methods
We compared structural MRI data (cortical thickness; subcortical volumes) between (i) ADHD subjects and controls with or without FH (ADHD-FH+: n=139; ADHD-FH-: n=86; controls-FH+: n=60; controls-FH-: n=74), and (ii) FH-matched ADHD groups with and without substance misuse and controls (ADHD+SM, ADHD-only and controls, n=68 per group). Furthermore, we explored whether FH effects were more pronounced in subjects with SUD in both parents (n=63) compared to subjects with one SUD parent (n=105) and without FH (n=160).
Results
There was no main FH effect on brain structure. ADHD+SM showed decreased CT in inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) compared to controls, while no difference was found between ADHD-only and ADHD+SM or controls. Subjects with SUD in both parents showed decreased thickness of IFG and volume of nucleus accumbens (NAcc), compared to those with one SUD parent.
Conclusions
Substance misuse in ADHD might result in smaller IFG, which is in line with findings in SUD-literature. A contribution of premorbid alterations, due to FH, could not be ruled out, particularly for IFG thickness. Future studies should further investigate the potential role of these regions in treatment and prevention strategies.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
|
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:42:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e8a9e083e3ba4765a681573fae204587 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0924-9338 1778-3585 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:42:40Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-e8a9e083e3ba4765a681573fae2045872023-11-17T05:08:16ZengCambridge University PressEuropean Psychiatry0924-93381778-35852021-04-0164S131S13210.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.366Effects of substance misuse and family history of substance use disorder on brain structure in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and healthy controlsM. Novi0M. Paraskevopoulou1D. Van Rooij2A. Schene3J. Buitelaar4A. Schellekens5Department Of Clinical And Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyDepartment Of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, NetherlandsDepartment Of Cognitive Neuroscience, donders Institute For Brain, Cognition, And Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, NetherlandsDepartment Of Psychiatry, Donders Institute For Brain, Cognition And Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, NetherlandsDepartment Of Cognitive Neuroscience, donders Institute For Brain, Cognition, And Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, NetherlandsDepartment Of Psychiatry, Donders Institute For Brain, Cognition And Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands Introduction Literature shows overlapping alterations in brain structure in Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and substance use disorder (SUD), suggesting shared pathophysiological mechanisms. It is unclear to what extent family history (trait) effects and/or substance misuse (state) effects explain the observed overlap. Objectives Our aim was to examine the effects of (i) SUD family history (FH) and (ii) substance misuse on brain structure in ADHD. Methods We compared structural MRI data (cortical thickness; subcortical volumes) between (i) ADHD subjects and controls with or without FH (ADHD-FH+: n=139; ADHD-FH-: n=86; controls-FH+: n=60; controls-FH-: n=74), and (ii) FH-matched ADHD groups with and without substance misuse and controls (ADHD+SM, ADHD-only and controls, n=68 per group). Furthermore, we explored whether FH effects were more pronounced in subjects with SUD in both parents (n=63) compared to subjects with one SUD parent (n=105) and without FH (n=160). Results There was no main FH effect on brain structure. ADHD+SM showed decreased CT in inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) compared to controls, while no difference was found between ADHD-only and ADHD+SM or controls. Subjects with SUD in both parents showed decreased thickness of IFG and volume of nucleus accumbens (NAcc), compared to those with one SUD parent. Conclusions Substance misuse in ADHD might result in smaller IFG, which is in line with findings in SUD-literature. A contribution of premorbid alterations, due to FH, could not be ruled out, particularly for IFG thickness. Future studies should further investigate the potential role of these regions in treatment and prevention strategies. Disclosure No significant relationships. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933821003667/type/journal_articleAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderSubstance Use DisorderCortical thicknessSubcortical volumes |
| spellingShingle | M. Novi M. Paraskevopoulou D. Van Rooij A. Schene J. Buitelaar A. Schellekens Effects of substance misuse and family history of substance use disorder on brain structure in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls European Psychiatry Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Substance Use Disorder Cortical thickness Subcortical volumes |
| title | Effects of substance misuse and family history of substance use disorder on brain structure in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls |
| title_full | Effects of substance misuse and family history of substance use disorder on brain structure in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls |
| title_fullStr | Effects of substance misuse and family history of substance use disorder on brain structure in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of substance misuse and family history of substance use disorder on brain structure in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls |
| title_short | Effects of substance misuse and family history of substance use disorder on brain structure in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls |
| title_sort | effects of substance misuse and family history of substance use disorder on brain structure in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls |
| topic | Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Substance Use Disorder Cortical thickness Subcortical volumes |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933821003667/type/journal_article |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mnovi effectsofsubstancemisuseandfamilyhistoryofsubstanceusedisorderonbrainstructureinpatientswithattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderandhealthycontrols AT mparaskevopoulou effectsofsubstancemisuseandfamilyhistoryofsubstanceusedisorderonbrainstructureinpatientswithattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderandhealthycontrols AT dvanrooij effectsofsubstancemisuseandfamilyhistoryofsubstanceusedisorderonbrainstructureinpatientswithattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderandhealthycontrols AT aschene effectsofsubstancemisuseandfamilyhistoryofsubstanceusedisorderonbrainstructureinpatientswithattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderandhealthycontrols AT jbuitelaar effectsofsubstancemisuseandfamilyhistoryofsubstanceusedisorderonbrainstructureinpatientswithattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderandhealthycontrols AT aschellekens effectsofsubstancemisuseandfamilyhistoryofsubstanceusedisorderonbrainstructureinpatientswithattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderandhealthycontrols |