Seasonal Developing Xylem Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Unveils Novel Insights for Compression Wood Formation
Wood is the most important renewable resource not only for numerous practical utilizations but also for mitigating the global climate crisis by sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide. The compressed wood (CW) of gymnosperms, such as conifers, plays a pivotal role in determining the structure of the...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/9/1698 |
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| author | Thi Thu Tram Nguyen Min-Ha Kim Eung-Jun Park Hyoshin Lee Jae-Heung Ko |
| author_facet | Thi Thu Tram Nguyen Min-Ha Kim Eung-Jun Park Hyoshin Lee Jae-Heung Ko |
| author_sort | Thi Thu Tram Nguyen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wood is the most important renewable resource not only for numerous practical utilizations but also for mitigating the global climate crisis by sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide. The compressed wood (CW) of gymnosperms, such as conifers, plays a pivotal role in determining the structure of the tree through the reorientation of stems displaced by environmental forces and is characterized by a high content of lignin. Despite extensive studies on many genes involved in wood formation, the molecular mechanisms underlying seasonal and, particularly, CW formation remain unclear. This study examined the seasonal dynamics of two wood tissue types in <i>Pinus densiflora</i>: CW and opposite wood (OW). RNA sequencing of developing xylem for two consecutive years revealed comprehensive transcriptome changes and unique differences in CW and OW across seasons. During growth periods, such as spring and summer, we identified 2255 transcripts with differential expression in CW, with an upregulation in lignin biosynthesis genes and significant downregulation in stress response genes. Notably, among the laccases critical for monolignol polymerization, PdeLAC17 was found to be specifically expressed in CW, suggesting its vital role in CW formation. PdeERF4, an ERF transcription factor preferentially expressed in CW, seems to regulate PdeLAC17 activity. This research provides an initial insight into the transcriptional regulation of seasonal CW development in <i>P. densiflora</i>, forming a foundation for future studies to enhance our comprehension of wood formation in gymnosperms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:43:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e8cbe732f14e40c3be9d73529512cdef |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:43:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-e8cbe732f14e40c3be9d73529512cdef2023-11-19T10:52:26ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252023-08-01149169810.3390/genes14091698Seasonal Developing Xylem Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Unveils Novel Insights for Compression Wood FormationThi Thu Tram Nguyen0Min-Ha Kim1Eung-Jun Park2Hyoshin Lee3Jae-Heung Ko4Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of KoreaForest Bioresources Department, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon 16631, Republic of KoreaForest Bioresources Department, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon 16631, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of KoreaWood is the most important renewable resource not only for numerous practical utilizations but also for mitigating the global climate crisis by sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide. The compressed wood (CW) of gymnosperms, such as conifers, plays a pivotal role in determining the structure of the tree through the reorientation of stems displaced by environmental forces and is characterized by a high content of lignin. Despite extensive studies on many genes involved in wood formation, the molecular mechanisms underlying seasonal and, particularly, CW formation remain unclear. This study examined the seasonal dynamics of two wood tissue types in <i>Pinus densiflora</i>: CW and opposite wood (OW). RNA sequencing of developing xylem for two consecutive years revealed comprehensive transcriptome changes and unique differences in CW and OW across seasons. During growth periods, such as spring and summer, we identified 2255 transcripts with differential expression in CW, with an upregulation in lignin biosynthesis genes and significant downregulation in stress response genes. Notably, among the laccases critical for monolignol polymerization, PdeLAC17 was found to be specifically expressed in CW, suggesting its vital role in CW formation. PdeERF4, an ERF transcription factor preferentially expressed in CW, seems to regulate PdeLAC17 activity. This research provides an initial insight into the transcriptional regulation of seasonal CW development in <i>P. densiflora</i>, forming a foundation for future studies to enhance our comprehension of wood formation in gymnosperms.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/9/1698conifergymnospermcompression woodseason<i>Pinus densiflora</i>lignin biosynthesis |
| spellingShingle | Thi Thu Tram Nguyen Min-Ha Kim Eung-Jun Park Hyoshin Lee Jae-Heung Ko Seasonal Developing Xylem Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Unveils Novel Insights for Compression Wood Formation Genes conifer gymnosperm compression wood season <i>Pinus densiflora</i> lignin biosynthesis |
| title | Seasonal Developing Xylem Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Unveils Novel Insights for Compression Wood Formation |
| title_full | Seasonal Developing Xylem Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Unveils Novel Insights for Compression Wood Formation |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal Developing Xylem Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Unveils Novel Insights for Compression Wood Formation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal Developing Xylem Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Unveils Novel Insights for Compression Wood Formation |
| title_short | Seasonal Developing Xylem Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Unveils Novel Insights for Compression Wood Formation |
| title_sort | seasonal developing xylem transcriptome analysis of i pinus densiflora i unveils novel insights for compression wood formation |
| topic | conifer gymnosperm compression wood season <i>Pinus densiflora</i> lignin biosynthesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/9/1698 |
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