Fungal Secondary Metabolites/Dicationic Pyridinium Iodide Combinations in Combat against Multi-Drug Resistant Microorganisms
The spread of antibiotic-resistant opportunistic microbes is a huge socioeconomic burden and a growing concern for global public health. In the current study, two endophytic fungal strains were isolated from <i>Mangifera Indica</i> roots and identified as <i>Aspergillus niger</i...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/6/2434 |
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| author | Ayoub M. Abdelalatif Bassma H. Elwakil Mohamed Zakaria Mohamed Mohamed Hagar Zakia A. Olama |
| author_facet | Ayoub M. Abdelalatif Bassma H. Elwakil Mohamed Zakaria Mohamed Mohamed Hagar Zakia A. Olama |
| author_sort | Ayoub M. Abdelalatif |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The spread of antibiotic-resistant opportunistic microbes is a huge socioeconomic burden and a growing concern for global public health. In the current study, two endophytic fungal strains were isolated from <i>Mangifera Indica</i> roots and identified as <i>Aspergillus niger</i> MT597434.1 and <i>Trichoderma lixii</i> KU324798.1. Secondary metabolites produced by <i>A. niger</i> and <i>T. lixii</i> were extracted and tested for their antimicrobial activity. The highest activity was noticed against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i> treated with <i>A. niger</i> and <i>T. lixii</i> secondary metabolites, respectively. <i>A. niger</i> crude extract was mainly composed of Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester and 9-Octadecenoic acid (<b><i>Z</i></b>)-, methyl ester (26.66 and 18.01%, respectively), while <i>T. lixii</i> crude extract’s major components were 2,4-Decadienal, (<i>E</i>,<i>E</i>) and 9-Octadecenoic acid (<i>Z</i>)-, and methyl ester (10.69 and 10.32%, respectively). Moreover, a comparative study between the fungal extracts and dicationic pyridinium iodide showed that the combination of <i>A. niger</i> and <i>T. lixii</i> secondary metabolites with dicationic pyridinium iodide compound showed a synergistic effect against <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. The combined formulae inhibited the bacterial growth after 4 to 6 h through cell wall breakage and cells deformation, with intracellular components leakage and increased ROS production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:08:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e8d9882f9a5d412bb135c8f994214563 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:08:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-e8d9882f9a5d412bb135c8f9942145632023-11-17T12:50:17ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-03-01286243410.3390/molecules28062434Fungal Secondary Metabolites/Dicationic Pyridinium Iodide Combinations in Combat against Multi-Drug Resistant MicroorganismsAyoub M. Abdelalatif0Bassma H. Elwakil1Mohamed Zakaria Mohamed2Mohamed Hagar3Zakia A. Olama4Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21568, EgyptDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria 21526, EgyptDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21568, EgyptDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21568, EgyptDepartment of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21568, EgyptThe spread of antibiotic-resistant opportunistic microbes is a huge socioeconomic burden and a growing concern for global public health. In the current study, two endophytic fungal strains were isolated from <i>Mangifera Indica</i> roots and identified as <i>Aspergillus niger</i> MT597434.1 and <i>Trichoderma lixii</i> KU324798.1. Secondary metabolites produced by <i>A. niger</i> and <i>T. lixii</i> were extracted and tested for their antimicrobial activity. The highest activity was noticed against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i> treated with <i>A. niger</i> and <i>T. lixii</i> secondary metabolites, respectively. <i>A. niger</i> crude extract was mainly composed of Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester and 9-Octadecenoic acid (<b><i>Z</i></b>)-, methyl ester (26.66 and 18.01%, respectively), while <i>T. lixii</i> crude extract’s major components were 2,4-Decadienal, (<i>E</i>,<i>E</i>) and 9-Octadecenoic acid (<i>Z</i>)-, and methyl ester (10.69 and 10.32%, respectively). Moreover, a comparative study between the fungal extracts and dicationic pyridinium iodide showed that the combination of <i>A. niger</i> and <i>T. lixii</i> secondary metabolites with dicationic pyridinium iodide compound showed a synergistic effect against <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. The combined formulae inhibited the bacterial growth after 4 to 6 h through cell wall breakage and cells deformation, with intracellular components leakage and increased ROS production.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/6/2434endophytic fungi<i>Trichoderma lixii</i><i>Aspergillus niger</i>dicationic pyridinium iodidemulti-drug resistant |
| spellingShingle | Ayoub M. Abdelalatif Bassma H. Elwakil Mohamed Zakaria Mohamed Mohamed Hagar Zakia A. Olama Fungal Secondary Metabolites/Dicationic Pyridinium Iodide Combinations in Combat against Multi-Drug Resistant Microorganisms Molecules endophytic fungi <i>Trichoderma lixii</i> <i>Aspergillus niger</i> dicationic pyridinium iodide multi-drug resistant |
| title | Fungal Secondary Metabolites/Dicationic Pyridinium Iodide Combinations in Combat against Multi-Drug Resistant Microorganisms |
| title_full | Fungal Secondary Metabolites/Dicationic Pyridinium Iodide Combinations in Combat against Multi-Drug Resistant Microorganisms |
| title_fullStr | Fungal Secondary Metabolites/Dicationic Pyridinium Iodide Combinations in Combat against Multi-Drug Resistant Microorganisms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fungal Secondary Metabolites/Dicationic Pyridinium Iodide Combinations in Combat against Multi-Drug Resistant Microorganisms |
| title_short | Fungal Secondary Metabolites/Dicationic Pyridinium Iodide Combinations in Combat against Multi-Drug Resistant Microorganisms |
| title_sort | fungal secondary metabolites dicationic pyridinium iodide combinations in combat against multi drug resistant microorganisms |
| topic | endophytic fungi <i>Trichoderma lixii</i> <i>Aspergillus niger</i> dicationic pyridinium iodide multi-drug resistant |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/6/2434 |
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